To ensure the development of sustainability, the Europe Union (EU) set the goal of becoming a climate-neutral economy by 2050. The EU’s ambitious new target cannot be achieved without the involvement of all modes of transport in order to reduce emissions. According to it, the development of inland waterway transport is a key to ensuring sustainability. Calculations proving the benefits of developing the use of inland waterway transport for ensuring sustainability using the example of the Republic of Lithuania were carried out in this paper. Namely, the calculation of the benefit from the transfer of part of the cargo flow from the busy highway A1 Kaunas–Klaipeda to Neman River (inland waterway of international importance E41). Modeling and detailed comparison using the method of calculating the impact on the main external costs (accidents, air pollution, climate change, noise, habitat damage, congestion) showed that external costs are lower when transporting cargo by river. Increasing the barge capacity from 1000 t to 1800 t reduces the external cost of climate change by 25%. Moreover, replacing diesel with liquefied natural gas can reduce the external costs of climate change by 15% to 25%. The greatest effect is achieved by reducing the level of noise, congestion, and safety. It is possible to enlarge the positive effect by using energy generated by solar or wind power plants for electric-powered ships.
This paper explores and summarizes the experience of financing water transport infrastructure of a number of countries with developed network of inland waterways, namely the USA, Russia and Germany. The purpose of the work is to generalize current situation and find ways of optimization of inland waterway transport infrastructure financing. The first part of the paper analyses the state of inland waterways infrastructure. The next part describes the existing financing systems. The last part examines the main problems that hamper the development of the industry and looks for possible ways to solve them.
The aim of the study was to examine the process of acquisition of specialist knowledge by nursing staff on caring for ostomy patients. Results. It was found that the ostomy care section, which previously was included in the Nursing Fundamentals program, does not cover all issues related to the main stages of comprehensive rehabilitation. In this regard, it was decided to create an innovative project to organize a special integrated course «Ostomy Therapy Fundamentals» for the Nursing specialty, the main objective of which is to expand medical and rehabilitation knowledge and skills in the field of ostomy patient care. By designing an educational environment and implementing an integrated special course «Ostomy Therapy Fundamentals» for the Nursing specialty, it is possible
to improve professional training and train highly qualified, competitive specialists capable of meeting the needs of society in providing effective and qualified medical care to the population taking into account physical, psychological, social and cultural factors. Having such specialists in each region of our country, it will be possible to solve the issues of building a rehabilitation system for patients with ostomy.
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