No abstract
The article considers the typology of the housing stock of mass building series on the example of the city of Belgorod. Data on its classifications are presented: according to the form of ownership, purpose of use, planning structure, design features. Analyzed historical archival data relating to the development of the housing stock in Belgorod. The main stages in the development of residential territories of mass series in the city of Belgorod are singled out: from 1945 to 1964. - the period of restoration of the city after hostilities and the beginning of the development of mass housing construction; from 1964 to 1980s - the period of active construction of mass housing stock; 1980s – present - modern period. Each time period was studied according to a number of factors: population, building area, number of storeys, construction materials, planning solutions for residential buildings of mass series, etc. The sequence of formation and development of residential buildings of mass series in the structure of the city of Belgorod and nearby settlements is considered. The current state of the housing stock of the first mass series in the building structure of Belgorod is analyzed. The characteristic types of residential development areas and promising areas for the renovation of residential development of the first mass series are identified.
Analysis and understanding of the historical formation processes of urban structures are essential in identifying factors that influence the spatial development of cities and human settlements for predicting promising development directions. The article is devoted to analysing the historical processes of the formation and development of Iraqi cities. The purpose of the study is a retrospectively analysis and identification of the key factors that influenced the planning development of Iraqi cities. The study was based on an analytical approach to studying the layout of Iraqi cities and understanding the influences that led to structural changes in urban morphology. A historical approach was also adopted to determine the time stages of the development of Iraqi planning institutions that accompanied these changes. In the course of the study, the article’s authors highlighted the stages of the historical development of Iraqi planning thought and factors that had a critical impact on the formation of the modern morphology of Iraqi cities. Among them are population growth, colonialism, the variety of land uses, and Technological Evolution. These factors classified the Iraqi city into three forms: compact and small in size, modern with European-style architecture, and developed far from the ancient historical city. As well, five stages of Iraqi planning institutions evolved were discovered that accompanied these changes in the city’s morphology.
Urban agglomerations of the implementation of various models and development scenarios. The study is aimed at describing, comparing and comprehensively analyzing various models for the development of urban agglomerations based on foreign experience. The purpose of the study is to identify the problems of development of foreign and Russian agglomerations. Methods of statistical data analysis, graphic-analytical methods, analysis of social infrastructure, use of interdisciplinary, quantitative, qualitative, historical and typological analysis were applied to identify and study certain aspects of the research problem. The study highlights the main urban planning problems and management models for urban agglomerations (one- and two-level). Various characteristics of the agglomerations of Europe, Asia and America, the Russian Federation are considered: the stages of formation and prospects for the development of urbanization and agglomerations; functional structures and relationships; driving forces; social and demographic characteristics (migration, housing stock structure, jobs); features of the development of transport security (road network, public transport systems, etc.); the reasons for the emergence and expected development of gentrification are identified. At the disclosure of the Belgorod agglomeration, an analysis of the creative property right was carried out and its position relative to other subjects of the Russian Federation by types of derivatives was revealed. The analysis of the development of African agglomerations in the countries of origin revealed the possible direction of the development of African agglomerations, as well as the scale of the base for developing a solution to the problems of agglomeration development in the regions of the Russian Federation
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