This is a brief overview of principles, views and methods, of the Kanban system for the pharmacy of a general hospital. The main goal is the reduction of stores managed by the pharmacy, as well as improvement of the mode of operation. Solutions to problems, such as inadequate storage space, delay in serving patients or clinics and the expiration of various pharmaceutical formulations, stored for so long time, are provided. The philosophy behind the Kanban procurement system and specifically its applicability to a pharmacy underperforming in terms of efficiency, in Greece, are described. Based on the analysis of stock requirement, item stock prices and demand, it is concluded that a significant percentage of the stocked drugs can be procured using the Kanban System. Significant cost savings and operational advantages following the Kanban System will take place. The challenging endeavor is the analysis, design and application of a system that supports the proposed procurement method. Hospital pharmacies in Greece and in other countries that face an economic crisis may largely benefit after using the Kanban System. Moreover, the system is applied on a hospital pharmacy of a 250 bed Greek General Hospital estimating a monetary annual benefit about 50% lower overall cost for medicines and consumable health material.
Given the prediction that in 2050 agriculture will be doubled due to increasing earth population, the noticeable research question that arises is how do we incorporate safety in agricultural robots? Yet, due to the lack of standardization in this domain, the author will review well-established standards such as autonomous farm equipment, cab-less tractors, and forestry vehicles. Since these robots have come to reduce skilled labour, input costs, and environmental impact, this paper strives to emphasize the need of standardization and regulation framework that will step up the successful commercialization of heave farm machines. The upper goal is to establish a safety assessment improving the compliance with standards and taking account of the public trustworthiness in these emerging applications worldwide.
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