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Open eucalypt forests with a grassy understorey are becoming rare in the volcanic landscapes on the Queensland-New South Wales border, as woody plants thicken with the cessation of regular planned burning. Whether previous planned burning reduced the impact of the 2019 unplanned wildfires on forest condition is debated. We evaluated the role of planned burning on the condition of a subtropical eucalypt forest following a wildfire in 2019. Two years after a wildfire at Mt Lindesay, a section of forest that had been frequently burnt was in better condition than adjacent rarely burnt forest. Specifically, there was significantly greater cover of kangaroo grass and a lower density of tree saplings in frequently burnt forest. The canopy of rarely burnt forest showed more signs of dieback. The pattern of healthier eucalypt forest with frequent burning was observed at other South East Queensland sites, Mt Gillies and Spicer's Gap. These observations suggest long-term frequent burning under mild conditions with good soil moisture maintains grassy eucalypt forest that is resilient to occasional intense wildfires during drought, such as seen in late 2019.

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