The cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. Ex Spreng.) K. Schum.) is a native fruit tree which has, in the past years, acquired great social and economic importance for the regional farmers. The nutrient-rich and often wasted cupuassu tree fruit shell residues can contribute to the improvement of the low fertility soil of Amazonia. A trial was carried out on a small holder’s cupuassu plantation in Central Amazonia to ascertain the effect of organic fertilization on the recovery of soil fertility and plant nutrition by using material from cupuassu shell residues and Inga edulis pruning (branches and leaves). The fertilization with cupuassu rinds + Inga prunings improved soil fertility, mainly by the increase of K and Ca in the soil, but only with liming, which appears to favor the mineralization of these nutrients. At the 0–10 cm depth, the Ca level increased about 50% compared to the control and the K level increased 75% compared to the cupuassu shell treatments. The significant increase of about 30% in N absorption by trees in the plots without liming shows that the application of green manure can increase the mineralization of N in Oxisols. These results show that the organic residue sources used can result in a nutrient-bearing organic fertilizer and become a low-cost alternative for recycling cupuassu processing residues.
One of the main pollutants in cities is sewage sludge (SE), which has organic material, nutrients and heavy metals (PM), among other contaminants. However, respecting the acceptable limits of pollutant contents, LE has been studied worldwide and used in agriculture. Thus, an experiment was implemented, aiming to evaluate the development of emerald grass fertilized with LE. The DIC was used (5 treatments and 5 repetitions), with different LE doses (zero, 10, 20, 30 and 40 t/ha-1), the seedlings were of the plug type, after 45 days of fertilization, Total dry matter (DM) and parts, aerial and root dry matter (DM) and soil cover were evaluated. Total DM was statistically different between treatments; being higher at the dosage of 40 t/ha-1. The highest root DM/total DM ratio was at T1 (41%). Soil coverage, visually, was greater and faster the higher the LE dosage applied.
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World aquaculture produced 122.6 million tons (2020) and Brazil 841 thousand tons (2021) of fish. Amazonas is one of the biggest producers of tambaqui. The main breeding system is the excavated nursery (VE) (60% in Brazil). The VE presents problems with good management practices, one of the disorders is the formation of sedimentary sludge (SL), aggravated when there is consortium with birds or pigs. However, LS has been used as substrate, fertilizer and soil conditioner. Thus, the LS of an VE, populated with tambaquis and ducks, was evaluated, aiming at its use in agriculture, in Manaus-AM. The analyzes revealed that the LS was classified as sandy clay, and the contents of P, Zn, Fe and MO as high, and K, Mg and Cu as medium. Thus, it is suggested the use of LS in agriculture as a substrate, fertilizer and/or soil conditioner.
A densidade populacional das urbes e seus impactos sobre os ambientes, promove a demanda por um urbanismo mais sustentável, no qual parques, jardins e arborização urbana fazem parte, bem como, faz surgir a agricultura urbana e periurbana, que deve fazer uso do sistema de cultivo orgânico. Nesse ambiente, faz-se necessário a produção e uso de adubos orgânicos líquidos (fertiprotetores (FPT), húmus líquido (HL)) e sólidos (estercos, compostos orgânicos, húmus), no caso dos FPT, o odor é o principal limitador para o uso. Por conta disso, este trabalho estudou a produção de HL com diferentes solventes e proporções, para uso na arborização e agricultura urbana e periurbana. Foram analisados os teores e concentrações de nutrientes (análise química), rendimentos e, sensorialmente, odor e aspecto do resíduo. Os resultados indicaram que em todos os HL o odor foi muito suave, praticamente inodoro, permitindo o uso deles na urbe. Ademais, pelas composições químicas dos produtos analisados, deduz-se que os HL possuem potencial para uso nas práticas agrícolas urbanas, podendo contribuir para melhorar a CTC do solo. Recomenda-se ainda, aplicações alternadas de FPT, HL/50 e HL/FPT.
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