Lack of forage in the winter dry season is a concern for cattle production in tropical Brazil. Pasture renovation with silage production might solve an immediate concern for forage production and help develop an improved pasture condition after cropping. The present study was focused to compare the production and quality of monocropped sorghum and sorghum intercropped with Marandu grass and/or pigeonpea in two row spacings. The experiment was carried out on a sandy Oxisol in São Paulo state in Brazil with an experimental design of a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement with four replications. Treatments were: monocropped sorghum, sorghum intercropped with Urochloa brizantha, sorghum intercropped with Cajanus cajan (cv. BRS Mandarim), and sorghum intercropped with Urochloa+ pigeonpea with 0.45 and 0.90 m row spacings. Greatest forage production was with 0.45-m spacing for monocropped sorghum and dual-species intercropping. With 0.90-m spacing, greatest production was for Sorghum+Urochloa. Sorghum+Urochloa+Cajanus intercropping provided the highest concentrations of crude protein in silage, regardless of row spacing. An increase in ensiling time reduced quality of the silage due to a decline in crude protein and TDN and an increase in fibers. However, the reduced spacing between lines with the inclusion of legumes resulted in a greater amount of silage with a higher concentration of protein.
The objective of this work was to adjust the physical environment in sandy soils in no-tillage, to allow for the better development and yield of soybean, under water deficient conditions. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of The University of Western São Paulo in Presidente Bernardes, SP, 22º28′09″ S, 51º67′48″ W, 400 m asl. The experimental design constitued of two blocks each for the study variable: soil scarification, and no soil scarification. Each block was divided into 4 sub-blocks/treatments (control-natural seed bank of Urochloa brizantha-NSB; Urochloa brizantha broadcast seeding; Urochloa brizantha in line seeding; Urochloa brizantha in line seeding with soybean intercropped) with four replicates. As a plot, four systems of reimplantation of pasture with 4 kg ha -1 of Urochloa brizantha (Marandu cv.). Evaluated parameters: dry matter yield of pasture; yield components and soybean yield. The variables analyzed in each treatment were submitted to analysis of variance (p < 0.05) and as means were compared by the Tukey test (p < 0.05) using the Sisvar software. Considering the results obtained in the following research, it can be concluded that, according to the different pasture reimplatation systems, the treatment (in-line + soybean) contributed both to the increase of the dry matter of fodder, and to a yield of Soybean. Regarding the effect of soil scarification, none of the results were significantly influenced.
O objetivo da pesquisa que origina este trabalho foi avaliar a influência da adição de antioxidantes ao meio de maturação sobre a maturação nuclear in vitro de oócitos bovinos obtidos de abatedouro. Para sua execução foram utilizados somente ovários de fêmeas bovinas zebuínas. Os folículos foram aspirados e os oócitos recuperados, selecionados e classificados. Utilizaram-se três meios (TCM 199 com Antioxidant Supplement [sigma A-1345], TCM 199 suplementado com ácido ascórbico e TCM 199 suplementado com glutamina); para avaliar a maturação nuclear. Não foi possível verificar a ação protetora ou anti-oxidativa dos tratamentos, pois não houve diferença significativa dos diferentes estádios de maturação. Sugere-se dar continuidade aos experimentos, com objetivo de aumentar o n Total, para que se possa verificar novamente a existência de possíveis diferenças entre os meios propostos. Palavras-chave: Maturação in vitro. Bos indicus. Antioxidante. Ácido ascórbico. Glutamina.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate yield of sorghum grown either solely (monoculture) or intercropped with Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu and pigeon pea cv. BRS Mandarin in two spacings. The experiment was carried out in field condition and the experimental design was in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme with four replications. The treatments consisted of two sorghum spacings, combined with four forms of cultivation as follows: (T1) sorghum as a monoculture (SOR); (T2) sorghum intercropped with marandu grass (SMG); (T3) sorghum intercropped with pigeon pea (SPP); and (T4) sorghum intercropped with marandu grass and pigeon pea (SMP). The evaluated traits were: sorghum height, stem diameter of sorghum, number of sorghum leaves, and a ratio sorghum/pigeon pea /marandu grass. The data were submitted to the statistical program SISVAR, and averages compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability. The 0.45 m spacing between rows provided higher silage yield in relation to 0.90 m between sorghum rows. The highest silage yield was produced at 0.45 m spacing between rows for single sorghum and triple intercropped (T4). The triple intercropped (sorghum + pigeon + marandu grass brachiaria) did not affect silage yield with the advantage of 10% of a legume in the final composition.
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