Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a commonly medical problem also associated with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) induced by intracranial hematoma and/or cerebral edema. Therefore, we aim to look into the common pitfalls that both medical students and new physicians face in the recognition, diagnosis, and increased ICP management.Targeted population: Increased ICP patients who are requiring urgent management in the ED, with Emergency Physicians for teaching approach protocol.Aim of the study: Appropriate assessment and priorities for treatment the increased ICP patients by training protocol to Emergency Physicians. Based on patients' causes of increased ICP. Methods:Collection of all possible available data about the TBI with increased ICP in the Emergency department. By many research questions to achieve these aims so a Midline literature search, PubMed, Scopus and etc, from a reputed database. Were performed with the keywords "critical care", "emergency medicine", "principals of resuscitation in ICP", " intracranial hematoma". Literature search included an overview of recent definition, causes and recent therapeutic strategies.Results: All studies introduced that the initial diagnosis of TBI with increased ICP and their therapy is a serious condition that face patients of the emergency and critical care departments. Conclusion:The application of the step-wise, three-tiered approach to the management of increased ICP, as it utilizes various treatment strategies to target different pathophysiological mechanisms.
Background: Epidural hematoma (EDH) is a traumatic accumulation of blood between the inner table of the skull and the stripped-off Dural membrane. EDH results from traumatic head injury, usually with an associated skull fracture and arterial laceration. The incidence of EDH is highest among adolescents and young adults and reported mortality rates range from 5-43%. Therefore, we aim to look into the EDH for both medical students and new physicians face in the recognition, diagnosis and management of these conditions. Targeted population: EDH patients who are requiring urgent management in the ED, with Emergency Physicians for teaching approach protocol.Aim of the study: Appropriate identification of EDH patients and management by training protocol to Emergency Physicians. Based on the child's age, site, severity and types of injuries. Methods:Collection of all possible available data about the EDH at the emergency department. By many research questions to achieve these aims so a midline literature search was performed with the keywords "critical care", "emergency medicine", "principal's Epidural hematoma in different emergencies", "cardiac arrest with Epidural hematoma". Literature search included an overview of recent definition, causes and recent therapeutic interventions strategies.Results: All studies introduced that initial diagnosis of different emergencies situations for EDH and their interventions therapy are serious conditions that face patients at the emergency departments. Conclusion:EDH is caused by bleeding in the potential space between the dura and the skull, usually because of traumatic injury. The Clinical manifestations of EDH are highly variable, and include altered consciousness, headache, vomiting, drowsiness, confusion, aphasia, seizures. Head Computed Tomography (CT) is a fast and accurate method for the detection of acute intracranial hemorrhage.
Incidence of hypoxemiaFall of O2 saturation of less than 90% occurs during rap-id sequence intubation in 15 (15%) of 101 patients suffering from trauma who were managed by anesthesiology staff and in 19 (18%) of 99 patients taken care for by emergency physicians [3].
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