É crescente na medicina veterinária as técnicas e especialidades voltadas ao aprimoramento e prestação de serviços que objetivam o bem-estar animal e qualidade de vida. Nesse sentido, a reabilitação animal busca a recuperação e reestabelecimento das funções do animal, ou de forma que fique mais próxima das condições normais, seja promovendo analgesia, resolução da inflamação, a melhoria na locomoção, bem como a redução do desconforto. A fisioterapia, por sua vez, é uma especialidade que desenvolve várias técnicas, podendo ser utilizada para promover tanto a estimulação local como generalizada. Pode também ser empregada como método conservador ou, ainda, ser associada à métodos cirúrgicos. Apresentamos de maneira geral e sintetizada, conceitos, técnicas e a importância da reabilitação física animal, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, buscando realizar uma abordagem voltada às alterações ortopédicas, neurológicas e doenças degenerativas e/ou crônicas. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura em bases de dados e livros, publicados entre 2000 a 2020, tanto em língua inglesa como portuguesa, com os seguintes descritores: cães, medicina veterinária, reabilitação, fisioterapia, fisiatria, controle da dor, ortopedia, medicina veterinária integrativa. A fisioterapia demonstra-se benéfica no tratamento e prevenção de patologias ortopédicas, neurológicas e também no controle da obesidade canina. Várias técnicas e equipamentos podem ser empregados, sendo o protocolo terapêutico individual, devendo sempre ser elaborado com base nas necessidades e limitações de cada paciente. Para isso, é imprescindível que o médico veterinário fisiatra tenha pleno conhecimento das técnicas de reabilitação. Palavras-chave: Reabilitação, ortopedia, atrofia, medicina integrativa Abstract It is growing in veterinary medicine the techniques and specialties focused on the improvement and provision of services that aim to promote the welfare and quality of life of the animal. In this sense, animal rehabilitation seeks the recovery and reestablishment of the animal's functions, or in a way that is closer to normal conditions, by either promoting pain relief, reducing inflammation, improving locomotion, as well as reducing discomfort. Physiotherapy, in turn, is a specialty that develops various techniques, and can be used to promote both local and generalized stimulation. It can also be used as a conservative method or, still, be associated with surgical treatment. We present, in a general and synthesized way, concepts, techniques, and the importance of animal physical rehabilitation, by means of a bibliographic review, trying to make an approach focused on orthopedic and neurological alterations, and degenerative and/or chronic diseases. For this, we conducted a literature review in databases and books, published between 2000 and 2020, both in English and Portuguese, with the following descriptors: dogs, veterinary medicine, rehabilitation, physiotherapy, physiatry, pain control, orthopedics, integrative veterinary medicine. Physiotherapy has proven beneficial in the treatment and prevention of orthopedic and neurological pathologies, and also in the control of canine obesity. Several techniques and equipment can be used, and the therapeutic protocol is individual, and should always be prepared based on the needs and limitations of each patient. For this, it is essential that the veterinary physiatrist has full knowledge of rehabilitation techniques. Keywords: Rehabilitation, orthopedics, atrophy, integrative medicine
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Spotted Fever Group (SFGR) and Baggio-Yoshinari Syndrome (BYS) are described as important tick-borne zoonosis. Horses do not participate directly in the cycle of these diseases, but they work as sentinels of epidemiological studies. We analyzed the distribution of Rickettsia spp. and Borrelia spp. in horses and ticks of two non-endemic areas from Southeastern Brazil. Blood serum from 102 horses of different ages (> 12 months) and breeds were analyzed by the indirect immunofluorescence reaction (IFR) with the aid of specific antigens for R. rickettsii, R. parkeri, R. rhipicephali, R. amblyommatis and R. bellii, besides the indirect immunoadsorption assay (ELISA) aiming to detect homologous IgG antibodies against B. burgdorferi (American strain G39/40). Free-living and parasitic ticks were collected for PCR and Nested-PCR tests to detect both Rickettsia spp. (citrate synthase gene) and Borrelia spp. (flagellin gene). The data showed 51.96% (53/102) of seropositive horses at least in one of the five tested Rickettsia antigens, and 10.78% (11/102) were considered serum-specific for R. parkeri. Besides that, a total seroprevalence of 13.73% (14/102) for immunoreactive antibodies of the IgG class against B. burgdorferi were obtained from the indirect ELISA. Three hundred and fifty-three ticks were collected, all identified as Amblyomma sculptum and negative for PCR and Nested-PCR. The obtained results suggest the circulation of SFGR and Borrelia spp. in a non-endemic area of Brazil, added to a large occurrence of vector ticks. This scenario deserves attention for the possibility of a zoonotic cycle in the region. I. INTRODUCTIONRickettsioses from the Spotted Fever Group (RSFG) and the Baggio-Yoshinari Syndrome (BYS) are emergent diseases transmitted to men through the bite of infected ticks. Thereby, domestic and wild animals are important for both epidemiology and spreading of these diseases 1,2 . Brazilian Spotted Fever (BSF) caused by the bacteria Rickettsia rickettsii is the most important among those Elaine Santana Gonçalves et al.
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