Extremely declining zinc is so prevalent in soils particularly in Egypt and affects the production of rice. Field trials were performed at El-Senblawin, Dakahlia Governorate 2017 and 2018 seasons to evaluate the influences of different methods of Zn application on rice growth and yield characteristics. The experiment included Zn seed soaking and foliar applications. Soaking treatments, 0, 50, 100, 200 mg/L ZnSO4, and recommend mineral & Zinc nanoparticle treatments as foliar, 0, 30, 60 mg/L, and zinc sulphate. Split plot design were used in three replications. Results showed significant in two seasons at seed soaking and foliar treats. The seed soaking in 200 mg/L ZnSO4 increased plant height, tillers/hill, grains/panicle, weight of grains/panicle, 1000 kernel weight, and total grain yield (t/fed) of rice among the different of Zn application in two seasons. Use 60 mg/L as foliar is significant seedling development. Also, demonstrated by a positive association between the Zn concentration in germinating seeds and the combined roots and shooting of dry weight after foliar Zn. Four foliar Zn treatments (ZnSO4) were applied to rice plants at different stages of growth. The interaction between seed soaking 200 and foliar 60 mg/L ZnSO4 boost agronomic traits. To conclude, Zn in rice seed can be effectively raised by foliar and soaking. Seeds with high Zn provide both agronomic and nutritional benefits. Since wide spread occurrence of Zn deficiency in human populations is associated with low dietary Zn intake, special attention should be paid to foliar treatments in rice.

In 2016 five maize inbred lines were crossed in all possible combinations without reciprocals by using a half diallel crosses mating design to obtain 10 single crosses. Parental inbred lines and their F 1 single crosses were evaluated through 2017 season to evaluate the role of general and specific combining ability, heterosis and the morphological characteristics. A randomized complete block design with three replicates was used. Results showed that mean squares of genotypes, general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were highly significant for all studied yield traits. The GCA/SCA ratio was less than unity for all studied traits, this means that these traits are predominantly controlled by non-additive gene action. Positive significant GCA effects were found for all studied traits. Based on GCA estimates, it could be concluded that the best combiners were Inb 209 and Inb 239 for most of studied traits. This result indicated that these inbred lines could be considered as good combiners for improving yield and its attributes. Positive significant SCA effects were found for all studied traits. Based on SCA effects, the best crosses for ear diameter, 100-kernel weigh and kernel number/row was C1; for ear length was C10 and for ear weight/plant, grain weight/plant and shelling percentage was C8. Results showed positive significant heterosis values for all studied yield traits. The best crosses over both their mid-parents and betterparents for ear diameter and 100-kernel weigh was C2; for ear length and kernel number/row was C5; for ear weight/plant and grain weight/plant was C9 and for shelling percentage was C8.

Kronaki olive seedlings were sprayed with Pepton (the commercial form of amino acids mixture) at 0.5 and 1% alone or in combination with mixture of some chelated micro elements (Zn + Mn + Fe) at 0.25 and 0.5%. Each treatment was sprayed three times through the growing seasons. The obtained results indicated that, treatment No. 4 (Pepton 0.5% + micro elements at 0.25%) was the most effective one comparing with the other treatments. Since this treatments gave the best results concerning height and diameter of the plant, branches number, leaves number and leaves area comparing with the control.

No abstract

Three rice cultivars (Giza 178, Sakha 101 and Sakha 104) under five seed soaking treatments (water, ZnSO4 2 %, Di ammonium phosphate {DAP} 2%, GA3 120 mg/L, and cytokinine 75 mg/L) with using two seed classes (Basic seed and Certified seed) are studied in two field experiments at El-Senblawin Dakahlia Governorate during 2011 and 2012 seasons.The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of identify three rice cultivars studying the genetic purity of tested varieties through the basic and certified seed classes under five soaking treatments on growth and yield of rice. The obtained results could be summarized as follows:Giza 178 cultivar and Sakha104 significantly surpassed the local cultivar Sakha101 in all studied characters in both seasons.Using basic seed class recorded the highest values of plant height, number of tillers/hill, number of grains /panicle, grain weight /panicle, 1000-grain weight, grain yield /fed in both seasons. While, the certified Sowing seed produced the highest values of panicle length in both seasons.The obtained results showed significant effect at seed soaking in both seasons. The seed soaking Znso4 significantly increased plant height, number of tillers/hill, number of grains/panicle, panicle weight (g) and1000 grain weight in both seasons.The interaction among Giza 178, basic seed class and seed soaking znso4 gave the highest values of plant height, number of tillers/hill, panicle length, number of grains/panicle (g),grains/panicle (g), 1000 grain weight, and grain yield (t/fed) of rice.

Two field experiments was conducted during the summer seasons of 2017 and 2018 to evaluate and identify five teosinte genotypes. A total of morphological characterization depends on stem anthocyanin coloration of sheath of the first leaf (ACS), shape of tip of the first leaf (ShT), wavy surface of blade (WSB), blade attitude of leaf just above upper ear (BAL), anthocyanin coloration of sheath in the middle of plant (ACSh), brace roots(ACBR), fresh anthers and flag leaf angle also, sparse types of spikelet. Values of quantitative traits i.e. fresh and dry yield (kg/plot) and its total, leaf ear width and length, plant height, No. of leaves/plante, No. of tillers and 100 grains weight were varied from trait to other mainly due to genetic background. Molecular marker RAPD analysis polymorphisms among genotypes were detected by five random primers. The high level of polymorphism was occurred with primer OP-C4 which showed 57.1% polymorphism, while the low level of polymorphism was 16.7 % in primer OP-A10. Cluster analysis showed differences between the genotypes which separated into two main clusters, the first cluster was further divided into two sub-clusters (IA and IB), sub-cluster IA Included Balady, Sakha and Dammietta, sub-cluster IB included Gemmeiza3 while, Gemmeiza4 was in a separate cluster. The results of this research of great importance to select the right material which can be used in plant breeding programs as they help for introducing a new variety. Farmer field trails are suggested before the submission of these new varieties to registration testing and its release.

Onion (Allium cepa L.) seeds lose viability within 1 -2 years and exhibit a short lifespan. In this study, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with six replications was conducted to determine the effects of soaking seeds for 24 h in distilled water (DW); aerated distilled water (ADW), 0.1% of each (succinic acid, aerated succinic acid (ASA), ascorbic acid, aerated ascorbic acid, nitroben (N), and aerated nitroben (AN) separately; and control (germinating seeds on filter paper with DW), and incubating at a constant temperature of 20°C in the dark. Seeds soaked in ASA showed the highest germination, speed of germination index (SGI), seedling vigor index, seedling dry weight and seedling length (cm). High SGI was also noted in seeds soaked in AN. Seeds soaked in N showed high germination rate and germination energy. The highest values of germination time GT, abnormal seedling percentage, and dead seed percentage were recorded with control treatment. Thus, the germination methods affected the germination traits as well as seedling growth of onion seeds.