Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a heterogeneous population. Muse cells is a rare pluripotent subpopulation within MSCs. This study aims to evaluate the pulirpotency and the ability of Muse cells to generate insulin producing cells (IPCs) after in vitro differentiation protocol compared to the non-Muse cells. Muse cells were isolated by FACSAria III cell sorter from adipose-derived MSCs and were evaluated for its pluripotency. Following in vitro differentiation, IPCs derived from Muse and non-Muse cells were evaluated for insulin production. Muse cells comprised 3.2 ± 0.7% of MSCs, approximately 82% of Muse cells were positive for anti stage-specific embryonic antigen-3 (SSEA-3). Pluripotent markers were highly expressed in Muse versus non-Muse cells. The percentage of generated IPCs by flow cytometric analysis was higher in Muse cells. Under confocal microscopy, Muse cells expressed insulin and c-peptide while it was undetected in non-Muse cells. Our results introduced Muse cells as a new adult pluripotent subpopulation, which is capable to produce higher number of functional IPCs.

initial responses of 43 patients treated by irradiation were followed using the assay. RESULTSThe NMP marker was identified in the urine of patients with bladder cancer at 52 kDa (NMP-52) by Western blot. The dot-ELISA detected the urinary NMP-52 marker in 92% of patients with squamous cell carcinoma, 98% with transitional cell carcinoma, and all six of those with adenocarcinoma of the bladder, with a specificity of 94%. The positive and negative predictive values (97% and 94%, respectively) and efficiency (96%) of the dot-ELISA were high. In addition, the NMP-52 tumour marker was not detected in the urine of patients who showed a response after radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONDetecting the urinary NMP-52 marker using dot-ELISA would be helpful in the rapid diagnosis and follow-up of patients with bladder cancer.

Multilineage differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells is an adult rare pluripotent subpopulation within mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Therefore, the need for multiple passages without losing cell pluripotency is required to satisfy the demand for translation medicine. Hence, this study aims to determine the efficiency of Muse cells as a pluripotent cells during in vitro passaging. confocal microscope analysis and cell count of the expression of stagespecific embryonic-3 (SSEA-3) surface marker and the expression of pluripotent genes by reverse transcriptase-qPCR (RT-qPCR) were used for cultured Muse cells at passage 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11. The results showed gradual downregulation of SSEA-3 surface marker and pluripotent genes, while at passage 3, cells showed higher efficiency compared to other passages. Taken together, these findings indicate that passage 3 is the peak of Muse cell pluripotency.

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Phytochemicals are natural products which extracted from vegetables, fruits or plant roots by chemical methods. The interest in phytochemicals as anticancer agents were progressively developed in the last decades as they are safer than chemotherapy on human health. Breast safeguard (BSG), the drug under study, is a commercial product consisted of seven phytochemical compounds. This study aims to assess the impact of two different extraction approaches in increasing the efficacy of BSG in sensitizing the HepG2 cells for Docetaxel. The extraction of BSG was conducted by either 20% DMSO or 100% DMSO then diluted to 20% concentration using a complete media of cell culture. The phenolics and flavonoids contents and the antioxidant activity using DPPH assay was evaluated in both extracts. The effect of the two extracts on HepG2 cell proliferation and migration was tested using MTT assay and wound healing assay, respectively. The data revealed a significant effect of the second approach (100% DMSO) in increasing the antioxidant activity of BSG indicated by the significant increase at phenolic, flavonoid content confirmed by the marked decrease at IC50 compared to ascorbic acid as a reference standard. MTT assay indicated a significant effect of the second approach in inhibiting HepG2 cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner compared to the first approach (20% DMSO). Estimation of the wound size of the treated cells revealed a marked effect of second approach in inhibiting cell migration in comparison with the first approach. We concluded that the extraction of phytochemicals content using 100% DMSO not the 20% pre-diluted DMSO would provide a significant increase at the phenolic and flavonoid content which in turn lead to a significant increase at antioxidant activity and significant inhibition at HepG2 cell proliferation and migration pointing out BSG as a potent anticancer agent.