seasons. The present investigation aimed to study the effect of two sowing methods (in rows and broadcasting) and three cutting systems (system (A): the three growth periods were 60, 35 and 30 days before the 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd cuts respectively. While, these periods were prolonged by 5 and 10 days in the second (B) and the third (C) systems, respectively. on forage and seed production of three Egyptian clover multicuts Meskawi cultivars namely Helaly, Sakha 4 and Giza 15 under sandy soil conditions. A split-split plot design with three replicates was used in both seasons. The results revealed that broadcasting method gave higher values in plant height, fresh, dry yields and seed yield and its attributes than sowing in rows one. Whereas, forage quality (CP, DCP, TDN and SV percentages) were not significantly affected by sowing methods. At the three cuts, prolonging the cutting intervals by 5 and 10 days in B and C systems caused a continuous and significant increase in each of plant height, fresh, dry forage and seed yields/fad.. The number of heads/plant was not significantly affected in both seasons. While, TDN and SV percentages were gradually increased by prolonging the cutting intervals but the CP and DCP percentages took an opposite trend in the first two cuts. Helaly cv. recorded the highest values of plant height, fresh, dry forage yields and seed yield and its components in the two seasons and their combined while, Giza 15 and Sakha 4 cvs, recorded the highest values of CP% and DCP% in the 2 nd and 3 rd cuts of the combined data followed by Helaly cv. in respective order. The results did not show significant interaction effects between sowing methods and cutting systems in all studied traits except, pant height. There was a positive and significant correlation between each of plant height, total forage yield, TDN% and SV% on one hand and total dry forage yield per fad. on the other. However, the correlation between total dry forage yield and both CP% and DCP% negative and significant. 280 A.B. GABALLAH Results indicated that Helaly Egyptian clover cv. when broadcasted and cut as in C system can produced the highest forage and seed yields under sandy soil conditions of Ismailia Governorate..

Two field experiments were conducted at a private farm at El-Salhia region, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt during 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 seasons to study the response of three barley cultivars viz. Giza 123, Giza 124 and Giza 125 to fertilization with three levels from farmyard manure (30, 35 and 40 m 3 /fad.) and foliar spray with Fertilan 10 (containing micronutrients mixture) under sandy soil conditions. A split-split plot design with three replicates was used in both seasons. The results revealed that, barley cultivars differed significantly where Giza 124 produced the highest grain and straw yields/fad. and the lowest grain protein content. However, Giza 125 recorded the highest grain protein content and the highest harvest index. Foliar spray with Fertilan 10 had favourable significant effect on most studied traits. Grain yield/fad. was increased significantly by 14.54% over the two seasons due to this treatment. The increase of farmyard manure rate up to 40m 3 /fad. produced significant increases in grain and straw yields/fad. and most of their attributes. These increases were at for with those produced by the addition of 35 m 3 /fad. No significant interaction effect could be detected between each two of the factors under study on grain yield/fad. or any of its attributes. The results indicated that grain yield/fad. was positively and highly significantly correlated with all studied traits including number of spikes/m 2 , number of grains/spike, weight of grains/spike and 1000-grain weight. Results cleared that the highest yield could be obtained from sowing Giza 124 barely cv. and addition of 35 m3 FYM with the foliar application of Firtlan 10 , under sandy soil conditions of El-Salhia region , Sharkia Govern orate.

Two field experiments were conducted in a sandy soil in the extension field in El-Salhia region, Sharkia Governorate during 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 seasons to study the effect of three levels of nitrogen (45, 65 and 85 kg N/fad) and three glycinebetaine rates (0, 8 and 12mM/fad) on the growth and yield of barley (Giza 124 cv.) under two irrigation intervals (weekly irrigated and di-weekly irrigated). The most important findings could be summarized as follows: Irrigation every two weeks instead of one week reduced significantly all growth attributes. The relative decrease percentages were 25.41 and 22.93%, 22.63 and 19.98%, and 25.11 and 26.19% for flag leaf blade area, total chlorophyll and relative water content in both seasons, respectively. Addition of 85 kg N/fad increased these traits by 12.80 and 13.63%, 1.88 and 3.50%, and 3.28 and 4.59% in the first and second seasons, respectively compared with the addition of 45 kg N/fad. Meanwhile, using 12 mM glycinebetaine (GB) increased these traits by 20.63 and 23.06%, 32.30 and 35.80%, and 22.57 and 30.40% in the first and second seasons, respectively compared with untreated plants. Under stress or non stress condition, increasing N level from 45 to 85 kg/fad without GB did not increase total chlorophyll. Meanwhile, this trait was increased significantly with increasing GB from zero to 12 mM. Prolonging the period of irrigation from 7 to 14 day reduced significantly the yield and its attributes. The relative reduction percentages for grain and straw yields were 22.73 and 26.02% and 26.73 and 24.79% in both seasons, respectively. Increasing N-level from 45 kg to 85 kg N/fad increased grain yield, straw yield and mean productivity by 12.84 and 12.78%, 16.43 and 14.7%, and 12.88 and 12.85% in both seasons, respectively. Meanwhile, the relative increase percentages due to application of 12mM GB/fad compared with zero GB were 21.27 and 24.77%, 24.82 and 26.83%, and 21.30 and 24.73% for these traits in both seasons, respectively. The interaction between frequent irrigation, zero GB and 45 kg N/fad gave 11.38 ardab/fad compared with 15.34 ardab/fad which was obtained from frequent irrigation, 8mM GB/fad and 85 kg N/fad. Meanwhile, the interaction between drought condition, zero GB and 45 kg N/fad gave 8.66 ardab/fad compared with 11.69 ardab/fad which was obtained from drought condition, 8mM GB/fad and 85 kg N/fad treatments.

Two field experiments were conducted in a sandy soil in the extension field in El-Kassasein, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt during 2007 and summer seasons. The work aimed to study the effect of five levels of glycinbetaine (0, 5, 10, 15, 20mM/fad) on the response of SC 10 maize hybrid to three rates of drip irrigation water (1.00. 0.80 and 0.60 of the estimated crop evapotranspiration, which represented 2625, 2100 and 1575 m 3 water/fad, respectively). The most important findings could be summarized as follows:Irrigation by 1575 m 3 /fad instead of 2625 m 3 /fad reduced significantly ear leaf blade area, total chlorophyll, relative water content and leaf water potential, except the content of GB in leaves which was significantly increased in both seasons. Meanwhile, increasing the level of glycinebetaine (GB) up to 15 mM/fad increased these traits and the content of GB in leaves compared with their untreated analogues.Decreasing the amount of irrigation water from 2625 to 1575 m 3 /fad reduced significantly the grain yield, protein yield and water use efficiency (IWUE). While, the relative increase percentages due to application of 15mM GB/fad compared with zero GB were 28. 47 and 25.30%, 54.53 and 47.25%, and 27.61 and 25.10% for these traits in both seasons, respectively.The interaction between both studied factors showed that under moderate water stress condition (2100 m 3 /fad) without GB addition the responses of these traits were only 11.59 and 10.77 ardab/fad, 135.29 412 ABD ALLA KOTB and 119.69 kg/fad and 0.773 and 0.718 kg m -3 compared with 14. 31 and 13.49 ardab/fad, 195.07 and 176.25 kg/fad and 0.954 and 0.899 kg m -3 when the concentration of GB was increased to 15mM GB/fad in both seasons, respectively.