This paper describes three cases of liver lobe torsion in rabbits presenting with anorexia, lethargy, jaundice and abdominal pain. This condition was associated with anaemia and elevation of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase. Abnormal radiological findings included hepatomegaly, gas-filled intestinal loops consistent with gastrointestinal ileus and ascites. Ultrasonographic findings included heterogeneous liver parenchyma, free abdominal fluid and reduced bowel motility. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination of the liver in all three cases.
Summary Reasons for performing study: An alternative technique of radiographing the pelvis in the standing horse is required, to avoid the risks associated with general anaesthesia. Hypothesis: That lateral oblique radiography in the standing horse would be a useful technique in the investigation of pelvic injury. Objectives: To describe the technique of lateral oblique pelvic radiography in the standing horse and demonstrate the feasibility and usefulness of this technique. Methods: A technique for lateral oblique radiography in the standing horse was devised and retrospective review made of radiographic findings in 18 clinical cases. Results: The caudal iliac shaft, greater trochanter of the femur, femoral head, acet abul um and coxof emoral a rticulation on the side under investigation were visualised consistently using this technique. Of the 18 cases, 3 iliac shaft fractures, 1 acetabular fracture, 2 coxofemoral luxations and 4 horses with new bone formation a round the coxofemoral joint and/or proximal femur were identified. Conclusions: Lateral oblique radiography in the standing, conscious horse can be used to investigate conditions affecting the caudal iliac shaft, coxofemoral articulation and proximal femur in the horse. Potential relevance: The technique is straightforward, noninvasive and useful in the investigation of horses with suspected pelvic injury. However, not all pelvic injuries would be identified, and normal radiographic findings do not rule out injury or fractures elsewhere in the pelvis.
A nine-year-old, female, neutered golden retriever was referred for investigation of weakness. Immune-mediated polymyositis with mixed mononuclear cell inflammation and fibrosis was diagnosed in muscle biopsy specimens from several sites. A soft tissue opacity was noted radiographically cranial to the cardiac silhouette. The dog failed to respond to treatment with prednisolone and was euthanased. At post-mortem examination, the structure observed radiographically was showed to be an enlarged right atrium. Histopathological examination of samples collected at post-mortem confirmed polymyositis. Additionally, mononuclear cell infiltrations and fibrosis were observed in areas of endocardium and/or myocardium in the walls of all four cardiac chambers. Myocarditis has not been reported previously in canine polymyositis but is well recognised in people. Enlargement of the right atrium has also been reported in association with polymyositis and myocarditis in people.
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