Smoking is a behavioral cause of premature morbidity and mortality, resulting in approximately four million persons dying of smoking-related diseases annually worldwide. This study aims to investigate the extent of smoking habit, knowledge toward smoking among Fayoum University students. A cross sectional analytical study was conducted in Fayoum University during the academic year 2010. A total of 804 students were selected by using randomized multi-stage sampling using self-administered questionnaire for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. The respondents age ranged from 18 to 26 years 20.36 ± (1.21) years. The males were 51% (n=410) and females were 49% (n=394). The prevalence of smoking among students was 13.4%. a large percentage of the smokers 82.4% used cigarettes while 8.3% smoked water pipe. Regarding knowledge about smoking related diseases, 97.3% of the students knew that smoking causes diseases; but only 5.6% of the sample had good/and satisfactory knowledge score about the causal role of tobacco in the development of specific diseases, and 66.7% of smoker students want to quit with a higher intention of for older group. In conclusion, smoking is prevalent among the university students and their knowledge about the harmful effects of smoking is generally superficial. Definite counseling programs are greatly needed to help students quit smoking.
Background: One of the core ingredients of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy is controlling children respiratory infection (ARI). The implementation of this policy makes it possible to manage respiratory infection. More than 10% (14%) of the Egyptian children had ARI according to Egyptian Demographic Health Survey (EDHS) 2014. Objectives: The present study aimed to describe the management of acute respiratory infections according to IMCI strategy in an urban MCH Center. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Kedwany MCH Center in Assiut city, Egypt. Exit interviews with the caregivers of 300 children diagnosed with acute respiratory tract infections were done using semistructured questionnaires. Three inventories were conducted emphasizing the availability of IMCI-recommended drugs, vaccines, and equipment at the center. Data were collected from the IMCI records during the study period. Results: According to IMCI classification, 12.7% of the studied children had pneumonia/cough or cold and 87.3% of them had not. Prescription of ARI treatment was done for 99.7% of cases and all of them were accurate; 84.3% of children received cough syrup and 42.7% received antibiotics. All of the checked records were filled according IMCI guidelines. The center was well equipped and supplied by requirements. Conclusion: 73.7% of the studied children suffering from acute respiratory tract infections were of age less than 2 years. The IMCI-recommended drugs, equipment, and vaccines were available at the study center. Healthcare providers should give emphasis to children caregivers about the signs and symptoms of respiratory infection indicating their need for immediate return for follow-up.
Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at greater risk for infection by bloodborne pathogens, such as hepatitis B and C and human immunodeficiency viruses. Occupational exposure to needle stick injuries (NSIs) and blood and other body fluids (BBF) remained the main health problem in developing countries. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in HCWs in Asyut Governorate and treatment outcomes among true positive cases. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among HCWs at the central office of Asyut Health Directorate, Abu-teeg, Al-Qusiyah, and Abnoub district hospitals. This study was done before national HCV screening initiative in Egypt. The study sites were randomly recruited from all eligible sites. Data were collected using a semi structured questionnaire. The questionnaire included inquiries about sociodemographic status and risk factors for HCV transmission, such as exposure to NSIs and BBF. Results: The prevalence of hepatitis C infection among HCWs in Asyut Governorate was 6.3% by polymerase chain reaction test. The important risk factors for HCV positivity included exposure to NSIs and BBFs. Conclusion:The HCV infection prevalence among HCWs is high, and significant predictors of HCV infection among HCWs include exposure to NSIs and BBFs and absence of training regarding infection control measures. Therefore, health education and training programs are regularly recommended for all HCWs regarding occupational exposure to NSIs and BBFs. INTRODUCTION:Globally, 71 million people have chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection according to the World Health Organization (WHO) assessment 1 , which mostly progress to cirrhosis or liver cancer. 2 According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately 60-70 out of 100
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