Social entrepreneurship, which under certain conditions can contribute to solving the problems of employment of people with disabilities, is becoming a noticeable direction of social policy in modern Russia. The article analyzed the legislative changes aimed at implementing the new state policy towards people with disabilities, reviewed the scientific foreign and domestic literature on the use of social entrepreneurship practices by people with disabilities. The conclusion is made about the role of institutional and socio-cultural factors in the development of social entrepreneurship, which is one of the mechanisms for the implementation of social support for people with disabilities and citizens in need of social protection. The main forms of discrimination of these categories of citizens in employment and work have been identified, the legal basis for quoting places for people with disabilities has been described, problems, arising in the organization and implementation of activities in social enterprises have been described. Examples of social entrepreneurs and non-profit organizations programs,that improve the living conditions of people with disabilities, allowing creating financially sustainable business models, are given. The study interpreted data collected by the method of analyzing documents (statistical data characterizing the situation of people with disabilities in the Russian Federation, reports of state institutions, reports of the Committee on Labor and Employment of the Volgograd Region) and the method of non-formalized interview of heads of organizations of the Volgograd Region dealing with social protection of citizens employment strategies for people with disabilities (n = 32). An empirical study led to the conclusion that the measures planned by state structures to improve the situation of socially vulnerable people, including people with disabilities, are carried out without coordination with non-profit organizations that provide them with assistance.
Currently, tea, coffee, cocoa and food products, basically produced using this agricultural raw material, to one degree or another, are an important part of the diet of the population of almost all countries of the world. At the same time, these types of pro- ducts have not only nutritional value, but also, in the recommended consumption rates, have an invigorating and curative effect on the human body, and also occupy a special significance in the culture and traditions of some peoples, moreover, very numerous. Despite the fact that these three plants have a different history of origin and initial use in ancient states, the period of colonialism had a serious impact on the spread in other regions and countries of the world both the production and consumption of these types of plant products. In the process of research, based on the use of statistics from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) during 1961–2019 years tendencies of changes in gross harvests of tea, green grain coffee and cocoa beans in the world as a whole, as well as the physical volumes of their international trade in export and import were considered. In general, the global circulation of tea, coffee, cocoa, starting with the cultivation of these plants, the production of appropriate raw materials for their subsequent transformation into food products, and ending with their use as drinks, including within the framework of the established traditions of specific peoples, has a very deep significance in the life of our civilization. In particular, recognizing the long history of tea cultivation and its deep cultural and economic significance, both in terms of production and consumption, the UN General Assembly proclaimed in May 21, 2021, International Tea Day, calling on FAO to lead and organize related events.
The goal of this paper is to reveal the key industries of comparative advantage for the Sverdlovsk region in order to make conclusions about the potential of the region’s economic development. We study comparative advantages of the Sverdlovsk region based on data for 85 Russian regions covering the period from 2003 to 2018. During the first stage of the research four groups of goods out of twenty-two groups were identified as those in which the Sverdlovsk region possibly has comparative advantages based on the index of revealed comparative advantages developed by Balassa and on the Lafay index. During the next stage, the existence of comparative advantages in these categories of goods was checked by comparison with the other regions of Russia. According to the results of the research a range of recommendations can be developed to foster economic growth of the Sverdlovsk region.
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