This article discusses psychological characteristics of communicative and speech competence of the agriculture faculty students. The authors pay attention to the study of students communication skills in the process of interaction, their ability to translate meaning, skills of information interpretation and effective meaning transfer. The study involved 120 students aged 17 to 23 years (M=20.75, SD=2.25 (37% men). Methods were used: a survey – “Communicative competence” of L. Michelson in the modification of Yu.Z. Gilbukh; testing – subtest No. 6 of the Wechsler test; analytic tasks – a method of supplementing / completing / restoring a speech utterance, a classification method; statistical methods (descriptive statistics , Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test). The study found that first-year students differ from senior students in communicative competence. The speech competence of graduate students in a qualitative aspect is better developed, however, it is distorted by the influence of personal characteristics and the situation. The research prospects are aimed at studying the differences in speech and communicative competence of students who completed training courses on the development of these abilities. It is also promising to study the characteristics of the process of meaning, as variables in the formation of speech and communicative competence.
The aim of the study presented in the article is an empirical study of semantic attitudes and life meanings of students in the perception of advertising posters. Advertising influence is considered as a process of translation of meanings concentrated in advertising posters. The study sample consisted of 60 students from two universities (Rostov-on-don, Russia). To determine the expression of vital meanings we used the technique of life values Kotlyakov, V. Y. (Y. V. Kotlyakov, 2003), to studies of advertising posters we applied the method of expert evaluations. The results were processed by methods of mathematical statistics: descriptive statistics; nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis H-test for comparison of several independent samples, Spearman rank correlation coefficient. It was shown that in the process of translation of meanings in advertising posters there is an actualization of semantic installations of students. In a sample of students we recorded a tendency to evaluate advertising posters in accordance with the dominant meanings of life. It is shown that there is a relationship between the dominant life meanings of students and their estimates of advertising posters.
The aim of the work is to identify strategies for transferring the meanings of information messages used by students in social networks, and how these strategies are related to the students’ meaning-of-life orientations. The study was conducted with the use of a theoretical method, as well as a survey, a content analysis, an expert method, a psychodiagnostic method, descriptive statistics, and also nonparametric tests, the Kruskal-Wallis H-test and Spearman’s rank correlation method. Among modern youth, social networks are one of the most common sources of obtaining and distributing information. Therefore, it is important to find out what strategies for transferring the meanings of information messages are used by respondents. The expert method and content analysis allow us to identify 6 strategies for transferring meanings that students use in communication when transferring the meanings of various publications in social networks. Further analysis shows that each strategy has its own features of the meaning-of-life orientations components and significant relationships between the strategies of the meanings transferring and the components of the meaning-of-life orientations of social networks users are also revealed. Thus, we can conclude that the features of the transferring of meanings are significantly influenced by the meaning-of-life orientations, in particular, goals in life. Thus, the study emphasizes the importance of the semantic communication in social networks, the results of which can influence the effectiveness of communication, training, and the interaction among users.
The article deals with the features of verbal and non-verbal creativity of Conservatory students. The study used: methods for diagnosing verbal creativity (adapted version of The S. Mednik RAT test), methods for diagnosing nonverbal creativity (short version of the Torrens test), and the "picture of the world" method. The purpose of the study was to study the features of verbal and non-verbal creativity and the image of the world of students, as well as to study their relationships. Three groups of students: low, moderate, and high level of creativity, which describes the inherent types of the world picture, the features of the development of the creativity indices. It was shown that there are significant differences in the development of verbal creativity in the originality index for students with medium and low, medium and high, low and high levels of nonverbal creativity, and in the uniqueness index for students with high and low levels of nonverbal creativity. It was found that for students with a low level of creativity, the landscape picture of the world is more pronounced, and for students with a high level of nonverbal creativity, the abstract picture of the world is more pronounced. Some significant relationships between creativity and the features of the students ' worldview are highlighted.
В статье рассматривается актуальная проблема исследования креативности личности, выступающей и как высокий уровень интеллекта, и как проявление творческих способностей, и как характеристика одаренности, основу которой составляют мыслительные способности человека решать задачи, генерировать идеи, создавать уникальные и новые продукты, и позволяющей строить различные индивидуальные траектории обучения и развития молодых людей.В статье раскрываются особенности невербальной креативности студентов консерватории, выявленные с помощью краткого варианта теста Торренса, и их картины мира, а также связи между ними.Авторами в процессе исследования 65 студентов консерватории были выделены три группы: с низким, средним и высоким уровнем креативности.У представителей каждой из выделенных групп определены с помощью индексов оригинальности и уникальности и описаны особенности развития невербальной креативности.Кроме того, представлена выраженность у музыкантов с высоким, средним и низким уровнями развития невербальной креативности абстрактной, метафорической или пейзажной картин мира.Также выявлены значимые взаимосвязи креативности и особенностей картины мира у различных групп студентов консерватории. The article investigates a relevant issue of modern education, namely the issue of creativity as a manifestation of high intelligence and giftedness, which enable a person to solve problems, generate ideas, create unique products, design individual educational paths and paths of development.The article uses a shortened version of the Torrance test to investigate the manifestations of conservatory students’ nonverbal creativity and their picture of the world, as well as the connection between students’ creativity and their worldview.Involving 65 conservatory students, the investigation divides them into three tentative groups: those with high creativity, those with medium creativity and those with low creativity.Relying on such creativity indexes as originality and uniqueness, the authors discuss the peculiarities of non-verbal creativity development in students with high, medium and low creativity.The authors also treat the manifestations of abstract and metaphorical pictures of the world in musicians with high, medium and low levels of non-verbal creativity.The article underlines the interconnection between conservatory students’ levels of creativity and their picture of the world.
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