Seismic method is one of geophysical method that is used to determine subsurface condition of the earth. There are two types of seismic data, 2D seismic and 3D seismic. The advantages of using 3D seismic data is it has less uncertainty for imaging the earth subsurface. However, the cost to acquire 3D data is higher than producing 2D data, thus some company needs to invest more money to be able to get a better data quality. One of the ways to have 3D seismic data without having to spend a lot of money is by creating a 3D pseudo seismic data from 2D seismic data. The purpose of this research is to create a 3D pseudo seismic data by using a geostatistical method. The geostatistical method that is used in this research is Kriging interpolation. By the help of Petrel software, kriging interpolation is done to create the 3D seismic. The pseudo 3D seismic results show a good image such as difference in amplitude, also structural geology features of subsurface. In conclusion, the use of kriging interpolation in pseudo 3D seismic still needs more work and development so the results will be good for the next interpretation steps.
Three dimensional (3D) seismic imaging is very important in hydrocarbon exploration. However, 3D seismic data acquisition costs more expensive than 2D seismic data acquisition. Therefore, the explorations are mostly done with some 2D seismic lines and requiring some interpolation method to construct the 3D seismic model called Pseudo-3D Seismic. In other word, the 3D model depends much on the interpolation process for a more reliable result. There have been many interpolation methods used to construct the 3D seismic model. Tau-P Transform is one of the methods that can be used to construct a 3D seismic model. It has been used to reconstruct seismic data and fill the near-offset gap in marine seismic data for decades. In this research, the method is done by having the crossline of some 2D seismic lines and performing the transformation from t-x domain to the tau-p domain. After the transformation, by inverse-transformation from tau-p to t-x domain, we might perform interpolation along the line to construct more traces with regular and near spacing. This method can be performed to all crosslines and construct Pseudo-3D Seismic. The results show constructed crosslines with well-lineated layers. The crosslines show developed layers are like those of the inline implying that the interpolation successfully construct the layers based on the inline.
Abstract—This study aims to determine the effect of characteristics companies against stock returns in industrial sector manufacturing companies and chemicals listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2013-2017. This study uses a sample of manufacturing sector companies Basic and hemical industries as many as 22 companies listed on the Stock Exchange Indonesia with a period of five years, namely 2013-2017 and the number 110 observation. This study uses secondary data with techniques data collection using the documentation method from the official website of the Exchange Indonesian and stock effects and analyzed using Eviews Software version 10. Based on the results of research that has been done to analyze Leverage has a negative but significant effect on Stock Return this indicates a negative DER impact on increasing interest costs tax saving with companies utilizing interest costs arising from its debt to minimize the tax burden which increases financial distress caused by one of them is the increasing interest on loans high so that it will hurt the economy and increase the value of inflation. Profitability has a significant positive effect on Stock Return . Profitability goes up, so dividend expection rises resulting in stock prices going up anyway. This will encourage an increase in share prices ultimately will increase the Return stocks. Total Assets Turn Over has negative but insignificant effect on Stock Return means an increase in sales is not followed by an adequate profitability so found a negative relationship but not significant
This activity is covered by the phenomenon of understanding of SAK EMKM by MSME actors which is still minimal due to the lack of socialization of understanding these policies and rules and their benefits for the MSME community. The Faculty of Economics and Business, Bung Karno University (hereinafter referred to as FEB UBK) plans and facilitates lecturers who wish to carry out community service activities. This is the basis for the Bung Karno University FEB Accounting Study Program to plan community service activities in each annual work plan. The purpose of community service activities at FEB Bung Karno University is to provide knowledge to the community of RW.04 Karet Tengsin Central Jakarta by conducting socialization in order to provide knowledge about EMKM financial accounting standards (SAK) and the HPP Law to MSME actors in the area of RW.04 Karet Tengsin Jakarta Center.
Pseudo three dimensional (3D) seismic has been carried out to real seismic dataset using biharmonic spline interpolation. The dataset contains 11 two dimensional (2D) seismic lines with two-millisecond sampling rates and 2000 millisecond record length. Biharmonic spline interpolation was performed for each time sample using the gridding interval of 25 x 25 meter. The resulted interpolation for each time sample was combined to generate three-dimension matrix that called as pseudo-3D seismic. The results of pseudo-3D seismic data clearly showed the structural geological features, compared to 2D seismic data. The result can minimize the uncertainty of the subsurface interpretation and reduce the exploration risk.
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