Salah satu kemampuan yang ingin dicapai pada pembelajaran matematika adalah kemampuan komunikasi matematis. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan diskusi dengan guru matematika kelas VIII B di SMP Negeri 29 Banjarmasin terlihat bahwa kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa masih tergolong rendah, sehingga di perlukannya suatu model pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa yaitu dengan model pembelajaran contextual teaching and learning (CTL). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa kelas VIII B di SMP Negeri 29 Banjarmasin setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran contextual teaching and learning. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Satu siklus terdiri dari 3 kali kegiatan belajar mengajar dan 1 kali evaluasi akhir pada tiap siklusnya. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa meningkat dari rata-rata siklus 1 ke siklus 2, ini berarti model pembelajaran contextual teaching and learning dapat meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis.
There are two considerations that investors need to notice if they want to invest in the capital market, namely, return and risk. An investor needs to diversify to gain benefits and minimize risk by forming the optimal stock portfolios. This research analyzes the differences between Islamic stock (based on JII) and non-Islamic stock (based on LQ45) stock portfolio investment using the single index model. The samples were consistently listed on the JII and LQ45 stock indices in January 2018-December 2019. There are 35 stocks for the LQ45 stock index and 25 stocks on the JII stock index. Sharia stocks' optimal portfolio comprises three stocks, while the optimal portfolio of non-Islamic stocks shall consist of four stocks. The Independent Sample T-Test was implemented to analyze the differences between the Islamic (JII) and non-Islamic (LQ45) optimal stock portfolios based on the Sharpe Ratio, Jensen Ratio, and Treynor Ratio. The results show that there is no significant difference between Islamic and non-Islamic stocks.
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