Rumput laut Gracilaria sp. sering dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber agar-agar komersial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan karakteristik dari Gracilaria sp. sebagai bahan baku pangan fungsional. Metode ekstraksi pada penelitian ini yaitu maserasi tunggal menggunakan berbagai pelarut seperti: etanol, etil asetat, dan n-heksan, dengan perbandingan Gracilaria sp. dan pelarut yaitu 1:6. Parameter analisis terdiri atas proksimat, logam berat, rendemen, fitokimia, penentuan total fenol dan total flavonoid menggunakan metode spektrofotometer UV-Vis, serta aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar air 83,28% (bb), protein 9,36%, lemak 0,60%, abu 24,83% dan karbohidrat 11,05% (bk). Kadar logam berat Hg, Pb, Cd di bawah ambang batas dan tidak ditemukan logam berat As sesuai dengan SNI 2690:2015. Pengujian komponen bioaktif ekstrak etanol Gracilaria sp. secara kualitatif didapatkan alkaloid, fenol, saponin, flavonoid, triterpenoid. Kadar total flavonoid dan total fenol berturut-turut sebesar 21,78±0,32 mg QE/g dan 124±2,13 mg GAE/g. Perbedaan pelarut dalam ekstraksi berpengaruh nyata (α=0,05) terhadap aktivitas antioksidan, dengan aktivitas tertinggi adalah ekstrak etanol dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 22,15±1,63 μg/mL (sangat kuat). Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa Gracilaria sp. aman dan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pangan fungsional.
Seaweed Gracillaria sp. was one of the local potentials of West Java-Indonesia, this seaweed was easily cultivated, but currently underutilized. Therefore, processing was very important to increased value added of seaweed. The purpose of this research were characterize and determine antialphaglukosidase activity of Gracillaria sp. seaweed as raw material for artificial rice. The research method used a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) of two factors with continued testing of Duncan and Kruskal Wallis. The addition of agar flour influenced the water content, ash, fat and protein content on artificial rice. The result of organoleptic test showed that addition of agar flour for artificial rice gave significant effect on color, odor and texture. The resulting artificial rice has a moisture content of 9.9-13.7%, ash content of 1.1-4.3%, fat 0.3-3.7%, protein 2.7-5.9%, carbohydrate 77.7-80.3%, fiber 0.11-0.95%, and tannin 0.11-0.20%.
Rhizophora mucronata Lamk. merupakan tumbuhan mangrove di daerah tropis, dimana buahnya biasadigunakan sebagai bahan pangan dan obat tradisional oleh masyarakat yang hidup di pantai. Tujuan daripenelitian ini adalah menentukan senyawa fi tokimia, dan aktivitas antioksidan buah R. mucronata. Prosesekstraksi menggunakan perlakuan suhu evaporasi (40, 50, 60, 70, and 80)oC. Buah R. mucronata Lamk.mengandung kadar air, abu, lemak, protein, dan karbohidrat secara berturut-turut: (31,96; 1,10; 0,86; 2,59and 63,50)%. Evaporasi pada suhu 70oC menghasilkan aktivitas antioksidan terbaik dengan nilai IC50 sebesar0,72 ppm. ekstrak tersebut mengandung fl avonoid, tanin, hidroquinon, dan saponin.Kata kunci: aktivitas antioksidan, IC50, fi tokimia, Rhizophora mucronata Lamk.
<p>A puffer fish contains a secondary metabolite toxic called tetrodotoxin (TTX), which can be used as an anesthetic and medication to relieve chronic pain for cancer patients. The purposes of this study were to determine the LC50 value and chemical composition of extracts from various tissues of puffer fishes as a first step to determine the further isolation of tetrodotoxin. In this study various tissues from meat, liver, skin, heart, and ovary of <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Arothron</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">hispidus</span> and <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Diodon</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">hystrix</span> species were extracted, characterized, and tested levels of toxicity using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) methods. Between the two puffer fishes studied, the highest toxicity was found in <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Arothron</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">hispidus</span> ovary with LC<sub>50</sub> value of 29.65 ppm. Chemical constituents of the ovary were alkaloids, carbohydrates, and amino acids. Toxic compounds found in the extracts of puffer fish ovaries were tetrodotoxin which is a compound of the alkaloid class of secondary metabolites.</p> <p>Keywords: Puffer fish, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Arothron</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">hispidu</span>s, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Diodon</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">hystrix</span>, toxicity, Brine Shrimp Lethality Test</p>
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