N-acetylglucosaminidases (GlcNAcases) play an important role in the remodeling and recycling of bacterial peptidoglycan. Inhibitors of bacterial GlcNAcases can serve as antibacterial agents and provide an opportunity for the development of new antibiotics. We report the synthesis of triazole derivatives of N-acetylglucosamine using a copper promoted azide-alkyne coupling reaction between 1-azido-N-acetylglucosamine and a small library of terminal alkynes prepared via the Ugi reaction. These compounds were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria. Two compounds that show bacteriostatic activity against Bacillus were identified, with MIC values of approximately 60 μM in both cases. Bacillus subtilis cultured in the presence of sub-MIC amounts of the glycosyl triazole inhibitors exhibit an elongated phenotype characteristic of impaired cell division. This represents the first report of inhibitors of bacterial cell wall GlcNAcases that demonstrate inhibition of cell growth in whole cell assays.

by two-fold to three-fold, 5 may be a key factor influencing the therapeutic effects of other potential therapeutic interventions like TTM in the postresuscitation period. We therefore analysed all available data from larger clinical trials, focusing on therapeutic hypothermia and TTM, 2-4 and compared bystander CPR rates and the effects of TTM. Results from the analysis of pooled data from these publications support the hypothesis that populations with lower bystander CPR rates benefit much more from TTM than those with very high bystander-CPR rates (Fig. 1). From our results we thus conclude that therapeutic hypothermia and TTM may not be effective when administered following very short periods of cardiac arrest -due to very high bystander CPR rates -consequently resulting in only mild cerebral insults. In addition, with a very late onset of reaching target temperature, 3,4 the application of TTM may have been outside the window of therapeutic opportunities. 1 Further studies may investigate this most important relationship.

6 Mallet V, Keta-Cov research group. Reply to: 'Progressive cholangiopathy in COVID-19 patients: other possible diagnoses than ketamine-induced cholangiopathy should be considered'. J Hepatol 2021; 75:990-992. 7 ANSM. Ketamine: risque d'atteintes h epatiques graves lors d'utilisation prolong ee et/oua `doses elev ees -lettre aux preofessionnels de sant e. 2017.