Metal ions were highly efficiently enriched by pH peak focusing high-speed countercurrent chromatography. The peak intensity for a 10-mL standard sample in the effluent stream was increased over 100-fold compared to conventional plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Ca, Cd, Cu, Mg, Mn, Ni, and Zn are chromatographically extracted in a basic organic stationary phase containing a complex-forming reagent such as bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid. After the sample solution is introduced into the column, metal ions remain around the sharp pH border formed between acidic and basic zones, moving toward the column outlet. Enriched metal ions are finally eluted with the sharp pH border as a highly concentrated peak into a volume of less than 100 microL. We evaluated this method for concentration efficiency in trace determination in tap water using different column diameters.
A new dual high-speed counter-current chromatographic system using organic extraction phase and aqueous mobile phase containing methylene blue was applied to the analysis of anionic-type detergents. After selecting appropriate conditions such as flow rate of each mobile phase, sample volume, etc., the new system was successfully applied to the analysis of anionic detergent in river water. As all the analytical procedure can be made in a closed system, the method has no health hazard. The present method is simple, safe, and highly sensitive, and can be applied for sequential determination of multiple samples in a short analysis time.
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