The evolution of high-yielding varieties of seeds, increasing use of fertilizers, pesticides, installation of tube-wells and mechanization has increased the agricultural productivity (AP). An efficient agricultural marketing (AM) system increases the growth of agri-business and improves the economic growth. More recently, research has shown that agriculture growth cannot be realized without well- functioning agricultural produce markets (APMs).In Pakistan, however, development of APMs largely remained neglected because of overriding emphasis of public policies on enhancing AP. Consequently, APMs could not be developed adequately and imperfections in the legal structure, management and operations of these markets have limited their performance. A survey was conducted in nine districts of the Punjab province having interviews with staff of market committees (MCs-90), commission-agents (CAs-90), whole-sellers (WS-90) and retailers (RT-90). The results reflect that there is an urgent need for amending legal and institutional mechanism for making APMs efficient. The study will help academia and policy makers to improve efficiency of APMs in the province

The present research study is conducted with the aim to assess and analyze the impact of electronic libraries (EL) by using usability criteria which include consistency, efficiency, learning and satisfaction in digital learning and reading stimulus among the general public and youth in specific. The structural equation modeling (SEM) of variables like effectiveness (EEF), efficiency (EFT), learning ability (LER) and performance & satisfaction (PES) was followed by research design. Survey was conducted in divisional headquarters of the Punjab province to collect data. The population was N=270 persons from 9 out of 20 districts having EL facilities. The findings revealed that E-Libraries have a positive correlation between productivity, effectiveness, learning and success. Performance, efficacy and learning capacity had a substantial and positive influence on user’s satisfaction. The study found that the provision of a conducive atmosphere that ensures productivity, effectiveness and learning capacity plays a vital role in enhancing performance of EL. It is proposed that we follow more efficient and dynamic methods in order to support the concept of EL for promotion of culture of digital learning philosophy among the public.

The main purpose of this study was to examine the factors that affect the performance of public schools for early childhood education (ECE) in Punjab, Pakistan. ECE focuses on provision of effective nutrition, health care, secure and compassionate environment and participatory opportunities for the children of 3-5 years age. A survey has been conducted for data collection using a structured questionnaire which was adapted from Early childhood Environment Rating Scale (ECERS). Total 90 responses were collected from teachers and parents of 36 ECE public sector schools in 6 districts of Punjab. The research design has been followed to explore the structural equation modeling (SEM) of variables. The results of the study reflected that qualification of teachers (QT) and availability of facilities (AF) are important factors that positively affect parent’s satisfaction (PS). Moreover, the AF mediates the relationship between QT and PS. The study will help academia and policy makers to effectively address the issues of performance of ECE schools. The impact of indicators like QT and experience of teacher were evaluated for the first time in public sector ECE schools and recommended to replicate it in all other public / private educational institutions. Keywords: early childhood education, structural equational modelling, availability of facilities, parent’s satisfaction, performance, mediation.

The aim of these studies that decreases the stress factors and improve the motivational level and performance of the organization. Job stress creates the role conflict, lake of feedback, unregularly, disordering, psychological and physical effect. In this study, we minimize the stress level and improve the motivational level and performance. The questioners have distributed among employee contribution the information of the seniors, graduate employee, including customer’s service and manager of a well-reputed rising organization in Pakistan. The 300 questioners distributed response of questioner was 255 the information was got through the close-ended questionnaire. The statistical test of regression, correlation, reliability were also measured. The significances are remarkable with the negative correlation between job stress and motivation and disclose that job stress prominently shortens the motivation of a specific. The consequences propose to the organization that they have maintained a very healthy cooperative and amicable atmosphere within the group for best motivation. In this study, the author was limited by a low response rate. Shortage of time which has been defined to deal this study is very limited for the collection of lots of data and this is the limitation which has to be parted with the central academic task which concluded and getting ready in confronted discussion and trials. The carelessness answerable people to answer the questioner in the proses of gathering knowledge information and data. It is the main issue in offering the requirements efforts for the investigated information. Few answerable people did not help the investigator in the time information data and knowledge collection and assembling. The consequences are remarkable with the negative correlation between job stress and motivation and disclose that job stress prominently shortens the motivation of a specific. The consequences propose to the institution that they have maintained a very healthy cooperative and amicable atmosphere within the group for best motivation. The value of this study is to disclose stress full and motivational elements for the workers in the organization. So to complete this purpose further sub-objective are maintained to find out the element that can cause job stress and elements that can motivate the workers' institution and highlight the influence of job stress and availability of motivational elements on the performance of the workers in the organization.