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Abstract. This paper describes our photogrammetric analysis of the Imager for MarsThese processes are described in detail and example products are shown. Plans for combining the photogrammetrically derived topographic data with spectrophotometry are also described. These include photometric modeling using surface orientations from the DTM to study surface microtextures and improve the accuracy of spectral measurements, and photoclinometry to refine the DTM to single-pixel resolution where photometric properties are sufficiently uniform. Finally, the inclusion of rover images in a joint photogrammetric analysis with IMP images is described. This challenging task will provide coverage of areas hidden to the IMP, but accurate ranging of distant features Can be achieved only if the lander is also visible in the rover image used.

The High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) on the European spacecraft Mars Express is the first camera on a planetary mission especially designed for photogrammetric and cartographic purposes. Since January 2004 the camera has been taking image data from the Martian surface, characterized by high-resolution, stereo capability and color. These data provide an enormous potential for the generation of 3D surface models, color orthoimages, topographic and thematic maps, and additional products. The image data acquired undergo calibration and systematic processing to orthoimages and 3D data products. Within the international HRSC Science Team Neukum, and the HRSC CoI-Team.the members of the Photogrammetric/Cartographic Working Group are concerned with further refinements in order to achieve highest quality data products. These activities comprise improvements of the exterior orientation of the camera, various approaches to enhance DTM quality, and the generation of maps in the standard scale of 1:200 000 and larger scales as well. The paper reports on these activities and the results achieved so far. PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING & REMOTE SENSINGO c t o b e r 2 0 0 5 1153

By means of modern geodetic observation techniques the ice movement along an east-west and a north-south profile across the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica, was measured during the two Antarctic summers, 1962–63 and 1965–66. 103 markers were placed on the 910 km long traverse. Distances were measured by tellurometer, and traverse angles by a precision theodolite between all consecutive markers, normally 8 to 9 km apart. For this type of observation method, six men distributed into three groups of two men each were necessary.The main part of the paper deals with data processing and with the computation of the ice movement. As the ice moves, the geometrical configuration of the traverse changes during the epoch of observation. For this “reduction to epoch” problem two methods are described in detail: (1) time reduction of observations, and (2) time reduction of positions. Between the two field journeys, only linear ice movement can be assumed. It is possible, however, to determine acceleration and curvature of the ice flow at all traverse points where the traverse angles differ considerably from 180°.The result of all computations is the field of velocity vectors along the traverse. Obvious characteristics are the rapid increase of velocity between the McMurdo Ice Shelf and Ross Ice Shelf, the uniform and nearly parallel movement in the middle of the ice shelf (maximum velocity 935 m year−1), the decrease of velocity along the north-south profile, and the systematic increase of divergence of the flow lines towards the ice margins. Careful study of the velocity vector field shows some deviations from an entirely uniform distribution.

The mean mass balance of the McCall Glacier, Brooks Range, Alaska, was estimated for the period 1958 to 1971. The three methods used, photogrammetry, mean height of the equilibrium line, and correlation with the height of the synoptic 500 mbar pressure level, all gave negative values, but the amount depended on the method used. This trend of glacier recession is in agreement with most observations of glaciers in the Brooks Range as well as with the majority of the glaciers in the Northern Hemisphere.