Abstrak: Bivalvia merupakan anggota kelas moluska yang memiliki nilai ekonomis dan menjadikannya sering dieksploitasi berlebih oleh masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui indeks keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan bivalvia di Perairan Pantai Waemulang Kabupaten Buru Selatan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada kondisi air surut dengan menggunakan metode transek linear kuadrat yang disesuaikan dengan luas area Perairan Pantai Waemulang, panjang garis pantai dan relif pantai. Disamping itu, dilakukan pula pengukuran parameter fisik kimia lingkungan sebagai data pendukung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bivalvia yang ditemukan terdiri dari 5 Ordo, 5 Family, 6 Genus, dan 7 Spesies, yakni Anadara antiquata, Gafrarium dispar, Modiolus modiolus, Fragum unedo, Pinna bicolor, Anadara granosa, dan Tapes literatus. Nilai kelimpahan tertinggi terdapat pada spesies Anadara antiquata, yakni 5.495 dan kelimpahan relatifnya 16.22%. Sedangkan nilai kelimpahan terrendah terdapat pada spesies Tapes literatus, yakni 4.272, dan kelimpahan relatifnya 12.61%. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman, yakni 1.93 atau termasuk kategori sedang dan indeks dominansi sebesar 0.14 yang menunjukkan tidak ada dominansi spesies. Hasil pengukuran parameter fisik kimia pun masih berada dalam kisaran optimal sesuai dengan standar baku mutu air laut untuk biota laut. Guna pemanfaatan dan pengelolaan bivalvia secara berkelanjutan di Perairan Pantai Waemulang Kabupaten Buru Selatan maka diperlukan penelitian sejenis secara berkala.Kata Kunci: Bivalvia, Keanekaragaman, Kelimpahan, Waemulang.Abstract: Bivalves is a member of the mollusk class with economic value and makes it often over exploited by the community. This study aims to determine the diversity index and abundance of bivalves in the Waemulang Coastal Waters of South Buru Regency. Sampling is done at low tide conditions using the linear quadratic transect method that is adjusted to the area of Waemulang Coastal Waters, coastline length and coastline. Besides that, physical chemical parameters were also measured as supporting data. The results showed that bivalves were found to consist of 5 Orders, 5 Families, 6 Genera, and 7 Species, namely Anadara antiquata, Gafrarium dispar, Modiolus modiolus, Fragum unedo, Pinna bicolor, Anadara granosa, and Tapes literatus. The highest abundance was found in Anadara antiquata, which was 5,495 and its relative abundance was 16.22%. While the lowest abundance was found in Tapes literatus, which was 4.272, and the relative abundance was 12.61%. Diversity index value is 1.93 or including a medium category and dominance index of 0.14 which shows no species dominance. The results of the measurement of physical chemical parameters are still in the optimal range in accordance with sea water quality standards for marine biota. For the sustainable use and management of bivalves in the Waemulang Coastal Waters, South Buru Regency, regular research is needed.Keywords: Bivalves, Diversity, Abundance, Waemulang.
Research of seagrass vegetation structure has been carried out in Waemulang Coastal Waters, South of Buru Regency. This explorative study uses a linear quadrate transect method with 13 transect lines that are mounted perpendicular to the coastline, starting from the highest tide to the lowest tide. The results showed mixed vegetation types with species composition consisting of 5 seagrass species, namely: Enhalus ocoroides, Halophila ovalis, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea serrulata and Cymodocea rotundata, which are members of 2 orders, 2 families, and 4 genera of seagrasses. The species that are most commonly found and have a value of density, relative density, frequency type, relative frequency, percentage of cover, relative closure, and index of important value which is higher, namely Enhalus acoroides, while the lowest, namely Halophila ovalis. In addition, the diversity index of seagrass species is 1,493, or belongs to medium category and the dominance index of seagrass species is 0.239, or there is no dominance of species. It can be concluded that the seagrass vegetation structure in Waemulang Coastal Waters is still relatively stable and Enhalus acoroides is the most influential seagrass species in the growing community. Environmental parameters are very supportive for seagrass growth in this area.
The use of drugs from the sedative-hypnotic group to overcome the problem of insomnia began to be abandoned and turned to the use of traditional medicines made from plants. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential of kayu galala leaves (Erythrina lithosperma) as a candidate for medicine of insomnia. A total of 15 male mice (Mus musculus) aged ± 2 months weighing ± 20 grams, divided into control mice (K- and K +), and mice treated with infusion dose of kayu galala leaves, ie P1 0.3 mL/mice; P2 0.5 mL/mice; and P3 0.7 mL/mice. The results showed that kayu galala leaves had a sedative-hypnotic effect. All infusion doses of kayu galala leaves are able to accelerate sedative onset and increase the duration of mice hypnotics, and the most effective dose is 0.7 mL/mice. The statistical test results showed that awarding of kayu galala leaves infusion had more significant effect in accelerating sedative onset and increasing the duration of mice hypnotics, when compared to the positive control group (+). Penggunaan obat-batan dari golongan sedatif-hipnotik untuk mengatasi masalah insomnia mulai ditinggalkan dan beralih pada penggunaan obat-obatan tradisional berbahan tumbuhan. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini, yakni untuk mengetahui potensi sedatif-hipnotik daun kayu galala (Erythrina lithosperma) sebagai kandidat obat insomnia. Sebanyak 15 ekor mencit (Mus musculus) jantan umur ± 2 bulan dengan berat badan ± 20 gram, dibagi ke dalam kelompok mencit kontrol (K- dan K+), serta kelompok mencit perlakuan dosis infusa daun kayu galala, yakni P1 0.3 mL/ekor; P2 0.5 mL/ekor; dan P3 0.7 mL/ekor. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa daun kayu galala memiliki efek sedatif-hipnotik. Seluruh dosis infusa daun kayu galala mampu mempercepat onset sedatif serta meningkatkan durasi hipnotik mencit, dan yang paling efektif yakni dosis 0.7 mL/ekor. Hasil uji statistik juga menunjukkan bahwa pemberian infusa daun kayu galala memiliki pengaruh yang lebih signifikan dalam mempercepat onset sedatif serta meningkatkan durasi hipnotik mencit, bila dibanding kelompok kontrol positif (+).
High incidence of malaria cases encourage various treatments efforts including exploration of various local knowledge, related to utilization of medicinal plants. The tongka langit banana (Musa troglodytarum) is a unique and endemic plant species from Moluccas, wich based on public testimonies were belived to have ability to cure fever, hepatitis, malaria, increasing male stamina and make better kidney function. The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of tongka langit banana juice on the mice kidney (Mus musculus) of the malaria model. Twenty male mice were used which consist of 5 donor mice and 15 test mice further devided into 5 treatment groups, such as, K (+) group, K (-) group, P1 dose group with tongka langit banana intake (0,55 g/mice/day); P2 (0,65 g/mice/day); dan P3 (0,75 g/mice/day), each group consisted of 3 mice. The results showed, that feeding mice with tongka langit banana juice is effective to decreased kidney damages of mice malaria model, such as, hydropic degeneration, necrosis, and atrophy. Of the three dose given, 0,75 g/mice/day is the most effective dose.
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