The literature does not provide a systematic analysis of the effect of electrostatic powder coating repainting of structural and constructional aluminum elements on their technological parameters. It is industrial practice that worn or damaged coatings be repainted. It is crucial to determine the effect of electrostatic sprayed coatings repainting on their microstructure, roughness and mechanical properties. The aim of the work is to determinate the influence of repainting of powder deposited polyester coatings on their mechanical properties, roughness and microstructure. This study examined three different electrostatic spray epoxy coatings with matt, silk gloss and fine structure-matt finish. Test panels were prepared as single-and double-layer paint coatings on the aluminum alloy 6060 substrate. Hence, six test sets of coatings were deposited. Each set contained six samples. The microstructure of the cross section of coating was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light optical microscopy (metallographic and stereoscopy microscope). The chemical composition of coating was analyzed by the SEM-EDS method. The 2D surface roughness of single-and double-layer coatings and 3D surface topography maps were examined using a profile measurement gauge. The mechanical properties of coatings were measured by cupping, bending, impact, adhesion to substrate tests run according to standard procedures. As a result, the influence of repainting of polyester powder coatings on their properties was determined. The results demonstrate that repainting has no effect on the microstructure and coating adhesion to substrate as well as the bending test results and roughness of matt and silk gloss coatings. It has been found that repainting affects the results of impact and cupping tests as well as the roughness of samples with fine structure surface finish.
The aim of the article is to present the issues related to the processing of sensitive data, including biometric data, in the course of scientific research and for the purpose of achieving the objectives of such research. This study indicates the purposes of scientific research, the legal grounds, standards of conduct, premises legalizing data processing and the rights of persons in the scope of processing their data. It is important to reconcile the protection of personal data with research challenges, especially related to the possibilities of using innovative technologies in order to effectively detect and fight various forms of crime. The publication discusses European regulations: Regulation 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union of 27 April 2016 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/WE and national provisions contained in the Act of 10 May 2018 on the protection of personal data (Journal of Laws of 2019, item 1781). During the literature review a number of studies relating to the protection of personal data was identified. The authors, in particular in monographs, analyse the issue of personal data protection in the context of data protection in the Polish criminal trial, in civil or educational cases. This publication focuses on one of the aspects not often discussed in scientific studies, which is the protection of personal data obtained for the purposes of scientific research. The publication aims to introduce the standards in force in the field of personal data protection in the context of empirical research. The issue is so complex that it requires in-depth discussion, especially since many researchers, taking up the challenge and effort of scientific research, have to face the problem of personal data protection, both for researchers and participants in the research process. In view of this conclusion, it is reasonable to present in this publication the fundamental principles of conducting research when it is necessary to obtain personal data in the course of research. The article discusses legal regulations and good practices that may constitute a specific compendium of knowledge for everyone who participates in research projects.StreszczenieCelem niniejszej publikacji jest przedstawienie problematyki przetwarzania danych wraliwych, w tym danych biometrycznych, w toku bada naukowych oraz w zwizku z realizacj celw tych bada. Autorzy wskazuj podstawy prawne, standardy postpowania, przesanki legalizujce przetwarzanie danych oraz prawa osb w zakresie przetwarzania ich danych dla celw bada naukowych. Podniesiono konieczno pogodzenia ochrony danych osobowych z wyzwaniami badawczymi, zwaszcza zwizanymi z moliwociami wykorzystania nowatorskich technologii w celu skutecznego wykrywania i zwalczania rnych form przestpczoci. W artykule omwiono przepisy europejskie zwizane z podjt problematyk, tj.: rozporzdzenie Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady Unii Europejskiej 2016/679 z dnia 27 kwietnia 2016 r. w sprawie ochrony osb fizycznych w zwizku z przetwarzaniem danych osobowych i w sprawie swobodnego przepywu takich danych oraz uchylenia dyrektywy 95/46/WE (nazywane w skrcie RODO) i krajowe, zawarte w ustawie z dnia 10 maja 2018 r. o ochronie danych osobowych (Dz. U z 2019 r. poz. 1781). Dokonujc przegldu rodzimej literatury odnoszcej si do ochrony danych osobowych wskaza mona wiele opracowa dotyczcych danej tematyki. Autorzy, w szczeglnoci w opracowaniach monograficznych poddaj analizie zagadnienie ochrony danych osobowych w kontekcie ochrony danych w polskim procesie karnym, w sprawach cywilnych, czy w odniesieniu do sektora dziaalnoci owiatowej. W artykule skupiono si na jednym z nieczsto podejmowanym na amach opracowa naukowych aspektw, jakim jest ochrona danych osobowych pozyskiwanych do celw bada naukowych. Publikacja ma na celu przyblienie standardw obowizujcych w zakresie ochrony danych osobowych w kontekcie prowadzonych bada empirycznych. Zagadnienie jest na tyle zoone, e wymaga wnikliwego omwienia, zwaszcza, e wielu badaczy podejmujc wyzwanie i trud bada naukowych musi mierzy si z problemem ochrony danych osobowych, zarwno prowadzcych badania, jak i uczestnikw procesu badawczego. Wobec tej konstatacji jest zasadne przedstawienie fundamentalnych zasad prowadzenia bada w sytuacji koniecznoci pozyskiwania w ich toku danych osobowych. Inspiracj do zmierzenia si z tym niewtpliwie trudnym zagadnieniem byy prace zwizane z realizacj projektu naukowego. W artykule omwiono przepisy prawne i dobre praktyki, ktre mog stanowi swoiste kompendium wiedzy suce kademu uczestnikowi projektw badawczych.ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit der Verarbeitung sensibler Daten, einschlielich biometrischer Daten im Rahmen wissenschaftlicher Forschung und im Zusammenhang mit der Verwirklichung der Ziele dieser Forschung. Die Verfasser nennen die Rechtsgrundlage, dann die Verhaltensnormen, als auch die Grnde fr die Legalisierung der Datenverarbeitung sowie die Rechte des Einzelnen in Bezug auf die Verarbeitung seiner Daten zu wissenschaftlichen Forschungszwecken. Die Notwendigkeit, den Schutz personenbezogener Daten mit den Herausforderungen der Forschung in Einklang zu bringen, wurde angesprochen, insbesondere im Hinblick auf das Potenzial, Spitzentechnologien zur wirksamen Aufdeckung und Bekmpfung verschiedener Formen von Kriminalitt einzusetzen. Der Artikel befasst sich mit den europischen Rechtsvorschriften, die mit der vorliegenden Problematik in Zusammenhang stehen, d. h. mit der Verordnung (EU) 2016/679 des Europischen Parlaments und des Rates vom 27. April 2016 zum Schutz natrlicher Personen bei der Verarbeitung personenbezogener Daten zum freien Datenverkehr und zur Aufhebung der Richtlinie 95/46/EG (Datenschutz-Grundverordnung) sowie mit den nationalen Rechtsvorschriften, die im Gesetz vom 10. Mai 2018 ber den Schutz personenbezogener Daten enthalten sind (Dz. U z 2019 r. poz. 1781). Bei der Durchsicht der einheimischen Literatur ber den Schutz personenbezogener Daten kann man auf zahlreiche Studien zu diesem Thema verweisen. Hier werden insbesondere in monographischen Studien die Frage des Schutzes personenbezogener Daten im Rahmen des Datenschutzes im polnischen Strafverfahren, dann in Zivilprozessen oder im Zusammenhang mit dem Bildungssektor analysiert. Der Artikel befasst sich mit einem Aspekt, der in wissenschaftlichen Studien oft nicht behandelt wird, nmlich dem Schutz personenbezogener Daten, die zu Forschungszwecken erhoben werden. Die Verffentlichung soll einen berblick ber die fr den Schutz personenbezogener Daten im Rahmen der empirischen Forschung geltenden Normen geben. Das Thema ist so komplex, dass es eine grndliche Diskussion erfordert, zumal viele Forscher, die sich der Herausforderung und dem Aufwand wissenschaftlicher Forschung stellen, mit dem Problem des Schutzes personenbezogener Daten konfrontiert werden, und zwar sowohl fr diejenigen, die die Forschung durchfhren, als auch fr die Teilnehmer des Forschungsprozesses. In Anbetracht dieser Tatsache ist es gerechtfertigt, die Grundprinzipien der Durchfhrung von Forschungsarbeiten in der Situation darzulegen, in der die Erhebung personenbezogener Daten im Rahmen der Forschung erforderlich ist. Die Inspiration, sich diesem zweifellos schwierigen Thema zu stellen, kam aus der Arbeit im Zusammenhang mit der Durchfhrung des wissenschaftlichen Projekts. In dem Artikel werden rechtliche Bestimmungen und bewhrte Praktiken errtert, die als eine Art Kompendium fr jeden Teilnehmer an Forschungsprojekten dienen knnen. , , , . , , , , . - , . , , : 2016/679 27 2016 , 95/46/EC (.. ), , 10 2018 ( 2019 , . 1781). , , , . , , , . , , , . . , , , , , , , , . . , , , . , .
Forensic biometric databases are an out of court tool to support the work of law enforcement agencies. They are used to detect the perpetrators of crimes, indicate the connections of a person with previously committed crimes, and allow the identification of living persons and corpses with unknown identity or individuals trying to hide their identity. In police practice, among the methods of identification of living persons and corpses, fingerprint and DNA tests are mainly used. These two forensic areas are supported by such tools such as AFIS (Automatic Fingerprint Identification System) and CODIS (Combined DNA Index System). These are the main police systems operating within two datasets, namely the dactyloscopic dataset and the DNA dataset. The systems are operating in two different locations of the Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police (CFLP). This results in the processing of individual biometric data independently of each other at different times and locations (Fingerprint Examination Department and Biology Department). Currently, there is no comprehensive approach to the collection and processing of biometric data such as fingerprints, DNA or facial images. To improve the exchange of information between police authorities, in July 2019, the Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police submitted a project application, and on 25 November 2019 signed with the National Center for Research and Development the grant agreement no. DOB – BIO10/09/01/2019 for the implementation and financing of the project in the area of state defense and security (competition no. 10/2019) entitled “Development of a technologically advanced information system enabling automated processing of information collected in forensic biometric databases for the purpose of combating crime or identifying people – acronym “BIOMETRIA”.
Terrorism and cross-border crimes are complex and diversified problems. They are one of the most se rious threats to the modern world, both nationally and internationally. The Act on the Police contains the major tasks of this formation, namely: “To cooperate with foreign police forces and their international or ganisations, as well as European Union bodies and institutions, on the basis of international agreements and treaties and separate regulations” and “The Police also carry out tasks resulting from the legislation of European Union as well as international agreements and arrangements on the rules and within the scope specified therein”. In order to carry out statutory tasks, police officers at home and in the world work on the basis of information which is collected and processed in various types of files, registers, collections or databases. This information is exchanged among authorised authorities at home and in the world. This cooperation is aimed at preventing, detecting and combating the most dangerous crime, in particular, terrorism and organised cross-border crime. The latter became very real when controls at the internal borders of the European Union were abolished, through the creation of the Schengen area. From the beginning of the launch of the Schengen area, it has been realised that security within the area and external border management would require a need to create and implement IT systems whose task would be to support the above-mentioned activities. The abolition of border controls and increased migration flows in Europe are conducive to developing cross-border and terrorist crime. Awareness and experi ence related to the materialisation of the above-mentioned threats initiated strengthening of cooperation among the individual countries of the globe. Strengthening of cooperation became possible following the creation and launch of large-scale information systems, namely: Schengen Information System (SIS), Eurodac, Visa Information System (VIS), Entry/Exit System (EES) and European criminal records infor mation system - third country nationals (ECRIS-TCN). In this part of the publication, in view of the exten sive nature of the issue, only SIS and VIS systems have been described, however, I encourage you to enhance your knowledge about other large-scale systems, i.e. Eurodac, Entry/Exit, ECRIS-TCN and the issue related to their interoperability.
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