: S 0 0 4 8 -9 6 9 7 Ž 0 2 . 0 0 2 3 0 -9Biomonitoring of metal deposition in northern Spain by moss analysis AbstractThe results of the first survey carried out in northern Spain to determine atmospheric deposition of metals by analysis of terrestrial mosses, are described. Samples of different mosses, mainly Hypnum cupressiforme and Scleropodium purum, were collected from 134 sampling sites, between 1995 and 1996. Levels of Al, As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn, were determined by flame atomic absorption or atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry. Regression analysis was used to compare the capacity of the selected moss species to accumulate the elements, and intercalibration of accumulation in these species was carried out where necessary. Distribution maps were prepared to allow the zones most affected by metal deposition to be identified and to relate this to known sources of contamination: electricity power stations and other industries (e.g. Hg and Ni), edaphic contamination (e.g. Al and Cr) and road traffic (Pb). Background levels of metals in each species were also determined for the study area. ᮊ

The present research proposes to diversify the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) with rotating wings for applications in the agricultural sector. For this we have analyzed and designed an unmanned aircraft. In first instance the applications of this type of aircraft in this sector were reviewed to determine possible design conditions that would aid in the sizing and design of the aircraft. Once the requirements had been determined, aerodynamic analysis was carried out to size up and launch the required power output for the craft. This in order to optimize the weight and autonomous fight time to finally design an aircraft prototype built in carbon fiber with the aid of fault theories as applied to composite materials. At the end of the research, an unmanned aircraft of 6 rotors, each with an installed power supply of 700W was designed. The aircraft has an autonomous flight time of 40 minutes without a payload, 20 minutes with a payload of 3Kg, and 8 minutes with a payload of 5Kg. The commercial application of these aircraft are the monitoring of land and fumigation in inaccessible areas.

In this research, a study of the determinants of risk and exposure on a particular matter was done in preparation for the areas of abrasive material. Qualification of chemical risks (inorganic powder) using the matrix triple irrigation was performed. In addition, the dust concentration in each position was evaluated using the rules NIOSH 0500 (total dust) and NIOSH 0600 (respirable dust) by statistical criteria NIOSH. Thus, their results are based on the gravimetric method. A sanitary survey to determine the relationship between the study variables with the powder was also performed. After examining the sampling points, 5 points was obtained with overexposure. As a result, a letter of commitment was made with corrective actions. It also re-monitors those exposed points overexposure resulting in a point (primary crusher). However, this works one to two times per month for 4 hours. As a result, no longer exposure would make production workers rotate jobs. Additional corrective actions, to further reduce exposure to dust extractor main advantage powders, were proposed. This, however, results in the generation of optimal environment for workers.

Introducción: Se diseñó y fabricó una máquina prototipo de lanzamiento de pelotas de tenis de campo mediante el uso de ruedas giratorias y movimiento vertical controlado para un sistema de entrenamiento programado. Objetivos: Fabricar una máquina lanzadora de pelotas de tenis de campo, realizando pruebas de funcionalidad, verificando tipos de lanzamiento y velocidad de la pelota para asegurar su correcto funcionamiento. Metodología: El cumplimiento de los objetivos se sustentó en: método de revisión bibliográfica; método dialéctico, para tener un manejo de la información y método histórico, debido a que se utilizó fuentes anteriores que ayudaron a encontrar las principales características de este tipo de máquinas existentes en el mercado internacional. Resultados: Se obtuvo una máquina provista de ruedas que, al girar con una velocidad de 2750 rpm, consiguen transmitirle suficiente energía cinética a la pelota de tenis logrando el disparo con tres efectos de lanzamiento: Slice, Top Spin y Flat Spin, similar a un jugador promedio. Se alcanzó una velocidad lineal promedio de expulsión de la pelota de 59,38 km/h. Conclusiones: En las pruebas de funcionalidad mostraron una precisión de la máquina lanzadora de pelotas de tenis de un 93% con respecto al posicionamiento, además las pelotas cayeron en un diámetro máximo de 20 cm con relación a la posición final deseada.

An economic development and land use planning proposal for Alausí County, Chimborazo was created as part of this research. The research started with an analysis of the current situation in the productive area of the county. With the help of participative workshops, it was possible to identify principal problems and opportunities; these topics helped in the definition of development strategies. Alausí is a rural area with 76% employment. Most are engaged in farming activities on sandy loam soils with slopes ranging from 15 to 45 degrees. Despite the ruggedness, 39% of the area is appropriate for farming activities, in which the principal products are barley, corn, potato, and fresh milk. Access to technology is a principal barrier to economic growth and profitability in production. It is