Annona muricata leaves are traditionally used as an anticancer plant in the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ameliorative effect of the essential oil from Annona muricata leaves (EOAm) in an experimental model of breast cancer and to determine the volatile constituents with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty female rats were assigned to five groups: the control group; the DMBA (7,12-dimethylbenz[α]anthracene) group; and three groups received daily EOAm doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day, plus DMBA, respectively. After 13 weeks of treatment, tumors were analyzed pathologically and biochemical markers in serum were noted. As a result, in GC-MS analysis, 40 compounds were identified and 4 of them were abundant: Z-caryophyllene (40.22%), followed by α-selinene (9.94%), β-pinene (8.92%), and β-elemene (7.48%). Furthermore, EOAm in a dose-dependent form produced a reduction in tumor frequency and the accumulated tumor volume was reduced by 50% and 71% with doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. Serum levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) increased and malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased significantly compared to the DMBA group. Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) decreased significantly from 70.75 ± 7.15 pg/mL in the DMBA group to 46.50 ± 9.00 and 34.13 ± 11.50 pg/mL in groups treated with doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. This study concludes that the EOAm leaves showed an ameliorative effect in a murine model of breast cancer.
Carvacrol is a phenol monoterpene found in aromatic plants specially in Lamiaceae family, which has been evaluated in an experimental model of breast cancer. However, any proposed mechanism based on its antitumor effect has not been reported. In our previous study, carvacrol showed a protective effect on 7,12-dimethylbenz[α]anthracene- (DMBA-) induced breast cancer in female rats. The main objective in this research was to evaluate by using in silico study the carvacrol on HER2, PI3Kα, mTOR, hER-α, PR, and EGFR receptors involved in breast cancer progression by docking analysis, molecular dynamic, and drug-likeness evaluation. A multilevel computational study to evaluate the antitumor potential of carvacrol focusing on the main targets involved in the breast cancer was carried out. The in silico study starts with protein-ligand docking of carvacrol followed by ligand pathway calculations, molecular dynamic simulations, and molecular mechanics energies combined with the Poisson–Boltzmann (MM/PBSA) calculation of the free energy of binding for carvacrol. As result, the in silico study led to the identification of carvacrol with strong binding affinity on mTOR receptor. Additionally, in silico drug-likeness index for carvacrol showed a good predicted therapeutic profile of druggability. Our findings suggest that mTOR signaling pathway could be responsible for its preventive effect in the breast cancer.
RESUMENObjetivo: Determinar las variables de la Valoración Geriátrica Integral (VGI), predictoras de mortalidad a los seis meses del alta de pacientes hospitalizados en la Unidad Geriátrica de Agudos (UGA) del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen. Conclusiones: La mayor pérdida de capacidad funcional y presencia de comorbilidad fueron variables de la Valoración Geriátrica Integral, predictoras de mortalidad a los seis meses del alta, las cuales permiten identificar al grupo de riesgo, a fin de establecer estrategias de intervención para mejorar el proceso de continuidad de cuidados y aumentar el tiempo de seguimiento de los ancianos frágiles. Materiales y métodos:Palabras clave: Anciano; adulto mayor; atención integral de salud; evaluación geriátrica; geriatría; hospitalizado; hospitalización; mortalidad; predictivo (Fuente: DeCS BIREME). Mortality predictors six months after discharge from an Acute Geriatric Unit, 2016ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the variables of the comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), predictors of mortality six months after discharge of inpatients from the Acute Geriatric Unit (AGU) of the Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen. Materials and methods: An observational, prospective, longitudinal study was conducted in the Acute Geriatric Unit of the Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen (HNGAI) from July 2015 to January 2016. Variables (general characteristics [age, gender, hospital stay] and comprehensive geriatric assessment [comorbidity, functional assessment, emotional assessment, cognitive assessment and social-family assessment]) were collected from the Geriatric Unit medical records and a mortality-related telephone follow-up was performed six months after discharge. Results: The study population consisted of 110 patients (57.3% were male, age: 77.47 ± 8.92 years, hospital stay: 29.29 ± 44.03 days). Six months after discharge, mortality was 42%. The bivariate analysis showed that variables associated with mortality six months after discharge were greater loss of functional capacity at admission, comorbidity, functional dependence, greater cognitive impairment, and risks and social problems. Cox regression analysis showed that predictors of mortality were loss of functional capacity at admission ( Conclusions: Greater loss of functional capacity and comorbidity were variables of the comprehensive geriatric assessment, predictors of mortality six months after discharge, which allow identifying the risk group, in order to establish intervention strategies to improve the continuity of care process and increase the follow-up time of frail elderly.
The phytochemical studies of Chuquiraga spinosa Less have revealed that it contains 9 types of flavonoids (quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, kaemperol-3-O-glucuronide, kaemperol-3-O-rutinoside, kaempherol-3-O-glucoside, isorhamnetin-3-Oglucuronide, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside and isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside) and a phenolic compound (p-hydroxyacetophenone), flavonoids ABSTRACT Introduction: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common conditions affecting middle-aged men, with oxidative stress postulated as an important factor in its development. Objective: To evaluate the protective effect of the association of the ethanolic extract of Chuquiraga spinosa (ChS) and Baccharis genistelloides (BaG) on benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats. Materials and Methods: Sixty-six male rats were randomized into groups: 1) Inductor Group: Testosterone enanthate (ET) 25 mg/Kg on days 8 and 14 intramuscularly. 2) Group P80: Polysorbate-80 3% 10 mL / Kg. 3) Positive Group: ET + Dutasteride (DU) 0.5 mg / Kg,
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