Purpose: Assess the new alternative Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) model for personality disorders (PDs) as it is seen by its creators and critics. Method: Follow the DSM revision process by monitoring the American Psychiatric Association website and the publication of pertinent journal articles. Results: The DSM-5 PD Work Group’s proposal was not included in the main diagnostic section of the new DSM, but it was published in the section devoted to emerging models. The alternative DSM-5 PD constructs are radically different from those found in DSM, fourth edition, text revision. Discussion: There are some positive conceptual changes in the new model, but reliability and validity are not generally improved. However, social workers may be able to benefit from the use of the personality trait domains/facets of the alternative model.
In an effort to curb the reported increases in violent juvenile crime, the growing trend of state legislatures is the removal of crimes specified as serious from the jurisdiction of the juvenile court. Having been legislatively waived, these offenses are placed within the jurisdiction of the superior court, and the offender, regardless of age, is tried as an adult. This investigation reports on the deterrent effect of the Georgia legislative waiver passed in 1994. A quasi-experimental cohort design is used in a comparison of the mean arrest rates for juveniles arrested for the specified crimes before and after the law's enactment. The analysis of the data suggests that there were no significant reductions in the mean arrest rates for the offenses specified by the law. Findings are consistent with studies that evaluated the legislative waiver in other states and suggest that the law does not reduce serious juvenile crime.Child welfare reformers of the early century believed that the criminal behavior of children, who were victims of poverty and other social ills, was the result of circumstances beyond the children's control. Before 1899, children younger than age 7 were considered incapable of criminal acts. Although the responsibility for behavior of children between the ages of 7 and 14 was debatable, common law allowed for treating youths as young as 14 years as responsible adults in the court system (Feld, 1993;Platt, 1977).A benevolent court separated from the harsh and retributive adult system was established for juveniles that would provide solutions to the problems and address the needs of the individual youth. For decades, under this legal scheme, the law did not hold accountable those offenders under the age of majority in the same manner as it did adults who were considered criminals.
This study examines a sample of 35 male children and adolescents involved with a northeastern district of the Georgia Department of Juvenile Justice. Subjects who participated in wilderness adventure therapy programs are compared to those who participated in group home programs. The study examines the rates of recidivism among the subjects within each group. Pearson correlations, t-tests, and ANOVA were used in the data analysis. No significant differences were found in recidivism rates.
This article reviews the results of the effectiveness of counseling services provided by the Juvenile Counseling and Assessment Program (JCAP) of the Juvenile Court of Clarke County, Georgia. Individual and group counseling services were provided for 55 male and female adjudicated delinquent youths, ages 9 to 17, over a period of 4 to 6 months. The recidivism rates of the youths who had received counseling services were compared to the recidivism rates of a control group that had not received counseling services.
Summary People with disabilities are five times more likely to experience poverty than the general population, yet very little is known about how financial capability can help increase their financial well-being. Using secondary data from the 2015 National Financial Capabilities Study, this study used path analysis to test Sherraden’s theoretical model of building financial capability on a nationally representative sample of people with disabilities. This included assessing how variables of ability (i.e., financial literacy) and variables of opportunity (i.e., financial inclusion) combine to improve one’s financial well-being and stability. Findings Multiple fit indices suggested that the data fit the path model well: χ2 = 37.73 (14), p = .001, RMSEA = 0.04 (90% CI: 0.03–0.05), TLI = 0.97, CFI = 0.99. Findings indicate that financial literacy and financial access both impact the financial well-being in this sample of people with disabilities ( N = 1232). Also, access to financial products moderated financial literacy to increase its impact. This study empirically substantiated the selected financial capability framework. Applications Implications of this study are targeted toward social work researchers and practitioners. There have been very few empirical studies on building financial capability among people with disabilities, so this article serves as a foundation for much needed research in this area while also filling a gap in the extant literature. Additionally, disability case managers will find this research useful, as it provides evidence for practical steps they can take to help their clients work toward achieving financial well-being.
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