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GoDALMiNG is situate thirty-four miles S.S.W. of London, in the county of Surrey ; the town stands in a low situation on the river Wey, and is completely surrounded by little hills, the various ascents of which present pleasingprospects in every direction.The soil is a bright red sand, which extends from the chalky range of cold, poverty-2 SOIL OF GODALMING. stricken downs crossing the country from Reigate to Farnham. Between the chalk and the sand is an exceedingly narrow tract of blue clay, sometimes scarcely ten yards in width.These three distinct soils do not gradually intermingle, but are separated by the most abrupt transition, and their effect on the produce, where the three soils occur in the same field, is very marked.The sandy soil produces a variety of surface ; in most parts it is excessively poor, and wholly unprofitable to man : in some of the low bottoms it becomes an almost continuous marsh, occasionally presenting large sheets of water these ponds, in the process of time, enrich the soil which they cover, and make it worth the expense of draining ;thus, the once fine piece of water known as Old Pond, has been embanked, divided, drained and filled, at different times and in various ways, until nearly an hundred acres have been redeemed and devoted to agriculture ; still, it is a pool of respectable dimensions.* In many places, this labour would be ill bestowed, and there are fine pools of water which have existed for centuries all along the valley that winds by Peperharrow, Elsted, Frensham, Thursley, the Pudmoors, Headly, &c. Ascending thence by Bramshot to Liphook, we find a tract producing coarse sour grass, heath, furze and hurts, or whortleberries, but light and dry, and easily scattered by the wind; this is a peculiar character of Hindhead.Wherever the sand bears the red tint of iron, the chief natural produce is furze ; but this colom% as we proceed westward, yields to a blue tint. The two colours stain the wool of the sheep which range the wastes, and the red and blue are very conspicuous in their fleeces, the blue * In 1832. N.OSi and here and there grown into treesgnarled oak, bushy rough-coated maples, and so forthtrees, in fact, that, stretching their arms from both sides of the way, shake hands over your head, and form a kind of canopy of B 2 4 DEEP SANDSTONE LANES. boughs.In some spots the polypody, twistmg and interlacing its creeping scaly stem with the tough, half-exposed roots of hazel, maple, oak and hawthorn, grows in such luxuriance and profusion, that its gold-dotted fronds hang by thousandsaye, hundreds of thousandsover the stumps and roots, forming the most graceful of coverings.Here and there are great tufts of hart's-tongue, with its bright, broad, shining, wavy leaves.Here and there, ' migration is in a southward direction.' Thus, migration begins in autumn and goes on till winter, keeping pace MIGRATION. 11 with the failure of certain kinds of food. No sooner does spring return and promise abundance of food, than all the feathered tribes return northward, to dwell and ...
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