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Thirty years of cone production records for subalpine fir (Abieslasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.) and mountain hemlock (Tsugamertensiana (Bong.) Carr.) (two sites each) in the Cascade Mountains of Washington and Oregon were compared with basal area increment and weather records to determine relationships among weather, radial growth, and cone crop. Results show that the size of subalpine fir cone crops was negatively related to large crops and positively related to radial growth in the previous 2 years. Mountain hemlock cone crops were negatively related o a large cone crop and positively related to July or August temperature in the previous year. Radial growth in heavy cone years was inhibited more for subalpine fir than for mountain hemlock. Results are explained by differences in the location of cone production between species. It is concluded that global climate warming could result in fewer and more irregular cone crops for these species.
Sporocarps of epigeous ectomycorrhizal fungi and vegetation data were collected from eight Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. - Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco stands along a wet to dry gradient in Olympic National Park, Washington, U.S.A. One hundred and fifty species of ectomycorrhizal fungi were collected from a total sample area of 2.08 ha. Over 2 years, fungal species richness ranged from 19 to 67 taxa per stand. Sporocarp standing crop ranged from 0 to 3.8 kg/ha, averaging 0.58 kg/ha, 0.06 kg/ha in spring and 0.97 kg/ha in fall. Sporocarp standing crop and fungal species richness were correlated with precipitation. These results demonstrated that ectomycorrhizal fungal sporocarp abundance and species richness can be partly explained in terms of an environmental gradient.
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