Abstract. Contarinia comprises one of the largest genera among gall forming midges of Cecidomyiidae, where identification and species relationships are uncertain. Using data on phenological development, morphometric relationships and mitochondrial DNA, the status of two isomorphic species, C. vincetoxici and C. asclepiadis, which attack the perennial herb Vincetoxicum hirundinaria, were investigated. Data show that they are two distinct species. In rearing experiments, the two gall midges were shown to have different times of adult emergence. Small differences in wing morphology were revealed that separate the two species from each other, as well as from C. loti, the type species of Contarinia. Sequence differences in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene corroborate the specific status of C. vincetoxici and C. asclepiadis. Furthermore, a phylogenetic analysis, also including three other Contarinia species, showed that the two gall midges on V. hirundinaria are not even the most closely related species, suggesting two separate evolutionary colonizations of the host plant.
Infestations of an undescribed gall midge species were discovered in Southern Sweden in biomass plantations and nurseries of Salix viminalis L. Terminal leaf buds are damaged and side shoots subsequently develop. This midge, Dasineura ingeris sp.n., closely resembles three other species occurring on Salix: D.terminalis (H. Loew) on S.alba L. and S.fragilis L.; D.iteobia (Kieffer) recorded from S.caprea L. and S.cinerea L.; and D.schreiteri (Stelter) (= comb.n. for Rabdophaga schreiteri Stelter) originally found as an inquiline in the galls of another gall midge, Dasineura rosaria (H. Loew), on S.repens L. No qualitative differences in morphology were observed between these four gall midge species, but results of morphometric analyses show significant differences between all of them. In oviposition preference trials, which included host plants of all four midge species, D.ingeris laid eggs mainly on S. viminalis, D.schreiteri preferably on S.repens, and D.iteobia exclusively on S.caprea. In larval performance trials D.ingeris produced many galls on S. viminalis, one gall also on S.caprea, but no galls on either S.alba or S.repens.
Sylven, E. & Tastis-Duquc, R. 1993. Adaptive, taxonomic, and phylogenetic aspects of female abdominal features in Oligotrophini (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae), and four new Dasineura species from the Western Palearctic.-Zoo/. Scr. 22: 277-298.The external structure of the end part of the female abdomen in Oligotrophini was studied. Various patterns were found, some of them representing adaptations of limited value for phylogenetic considerations, but the analysis also demonstratcd synapomorphies for certain genera. For example, all known species of Gephyruulus are equipped with a pair of horn-like sensilla situated dorsally near the tip of the superior lamella. This development apparently does not occur in other Oligotrophini. Six general models regarding the cuticular sculpture of the superior lamella were distinguished in Dasineura and Macrolahis. Evolution of some of the models may have occurred several times. Lectotypes of Jaupiella catariae Riibsaamcn and Wuchtliella dalmaticu Riibsaamen are designated. Wachtliella rosarum (Hardy) is transferred to Dasineura. Four new species are described: Dasineura muriae sp. n . , D. herti sp. n., D. helenae sp. n., and D. erodiicolu sp. n. Table I. Records on oligotrophine specimens analysed. Plant nomenclature mainly according to Flora Europaea (eds Tutin et al. 1964Tutin et al. -1980). For information on biological groups, see text. A A = A . Abbas; BG = B. Gustafsson; D B = D. Borisch; ES = E. SylvPn; IA = I . Ahman; JR = J . C. Roskam; MSK = M . Skuhrava; MSO = M. Solinas; RC = R. Coutin; OJ = 0. Jaap Midge species Arnoldiola libera (Kieffer) Coniophora graminicola Nijveldt Cystiphora sonchi (Bremi) Dasineura alopecuri (Reuter) D. andrieuxi (Tavares) D. berti Sylven, sp. n. D. brassicae (Winnertz) D . crataegi (Winnertz) D. erodiicola Sylven, sp. n. D. fraxinea Kieffer D. geranii (Kieffer) D . helenae Sylven, sp. n. D. marginemtorquens (Bremi) D. mariae SylvCn, sp. n. D. rosarum (Hardy) D. sisymbrii (Schrank)D. sp. D . sp. Gephyraulus diplotaxis (Solinas) G. moricandiae Sylven & Solinas G. raphanistri (Kieffer) Jaapiella catariae Rubsaamen Macrolabis aquilegiae (Kieffer) M . pavida (Winnertz) M. sp. Oligotrophus juniperinus (L.) Physemocecis hartigi (Liebel) P. ulmi (Kieffer) Wachtliella dalrnatica Rubsaamen Host plant Quercus robur L. Phalaris arundinacea L. Sonchus arvensis L. Alopercurus pratensis L. Halimium commutatum Pau' Astragalus alpinus L. Brassica napus L. (subsp. oleifera DC.) Crataegus sp. Erodium moschatum (L.) L'H& E. sp. Fraxinus exelsior L. Geranium sanguineum L. Fraxinus exelsior L. Salix viminalis L. Astragalus lusitanicus Lam.' Rosa sp. R. sp. Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser Astragalus glycyphyllos L. Spartium junceum L.' Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC. Moricandia arvensis (L.) DC.4 Raphanus raphanistrum L. Diplotaxis simplex (Viv.) Spreng. Nepeta cataria L. Aquilegia vulgaris L.
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