From 2005 there were successive blooms of toxic and nontoxic cyanobacteria in water from Doce River. At that time, the possible causes of these blooms were studied and the extensive winter period in the watershed area was one of the main causes. The main objective of this study was to statistically associate some quality and environmental parameters of the river water for a period of five years, to meet and explain the possible correlations. Cyanobacteria were present in the water of the Doce River in the 10 sampling points evaluated in the period from 2008 to 2012. In cluster analysis between the collection points, the sample station RD44 stood alone and presented during the dry seasons of the years the highest densities of thermotolerant coliform. By means of principal component analysis, it was found that increased density of cyanobacteria was associated with a reduction in temperature of the water, turbidity and the concentration of phosphorus, which are characteristic conditions of river waters in Minas Gerais during the winter period (dry season). In the same period, there were increases in the concentrations of chlorophyll a, dissolved oxygen, nitrates, the stoichiometric ratio N/P and the Water Quality Index. After 2009, successive cyanobacteria blooms have been registered. This reinforces the theory that the damming of the river has had a growing influence on cyanobacteria blooms. They may have contributed to reduce the turbidity of river water, increase in nitrate concentration and thermotolerant coliform density.
RESUMONo processo de urbanização, o aumento na proporção de superfícies impermeabilizadas e as mudanças no uso do solo são responsáveis por maiores volumes e velocidades do escoamento superficial, refletindo em uma maior capacidade de arraste e em um maior aporte de nutrientes nos corpos d' água receptores. O objetivo deste trabalho foi implementar uma ferramenta matemática capaz de reproduzir o impacto de mudanças na bacia hidrográfica sobre a dinâmica do fitoplâncton em um lago urbano. Neste artigo são apresentados o desenvolvimento e os resultados de um modelo integrado constituído de um modelo hidrológico, para simular vazões escoadas em uma bacia hidrográfica, e de um modelo hidrodinâmico e ecológico, para O monitoramento e a modelagem da lagoa mostraram que a proliferação de cianobactérias é bastante perturbada pelas desestratificações térmicas que ocorrem na lagoa em virtude de eventos meteorológicos. A ferramenta de simulação desenvolvida possui potencial para avaliar diferentes cenários de mudança das condições climáticas e das características da bacia, podendo auxiliar na gestão dos corpos d' água situados em meio urbano.Palavras-chave: modelagem de lagos; modelagem hidrológica; lagos urbanos.
The water reservoir of Vargem das Flores, Brazil, has been subject to eutrophication problems. The occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms in this water body has raised concerns regarding the presence of toxic metabolites. In order to understand the factors that promote the proliferation and distribution of cyanobacteria in the reservoir, physicochemical parameters, species composition, and toxicity of the reservoir water column were analyzed at monthly intervals over a 3-year period (2004-2007) using a range of analytical techniques. The results showed that cyanobacteria were absent in the dry period, returning after the onset of stratification. A succession pattern was observed within this group. The Aphanocapsa genus was dominant in the last rainy period of the study (October 2006 to March 2007). However toxicity was only detected when the genera Microcystis and Sphaerocavum were present (October 2005). The principal components analysis showed negative correlation between cyanobacteria and orthophosphate. The change of dominant cyanobacteria along the 3 years of study and the final prevalence of nontoxic genera in the reservoir is an evidence of water quality improvement in response to the management techniques implemented in the reservoir basin.
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