Science is a collaborative activity by definition. Research is usually conducted by several scientists working together, and this behavior has been intensified in recent years. Furthermore, experiments are increasingly performed in silico, which demands proper support tools. Provenance-aware Workflow Management Systems and script-based tools have been popular ways of running in silico experiments, but these tools often neglect the collaboration aspect. Even solutions that aim at collaborative experiments do not always address the collaborators- needs. Literature shows surveys discussing subjects related to in silico experiments. However, they either focus on provenance collection and applications, thus treating collaboration as just another possible application, or focus on Workflow Management Systems, only listing collaboration as a possible challenge. This article surveys available tools and approaches that aim at aiding scientists to conduct collaborative in silico experiments. Particularly, we focus on challenges related to the provenance of these collaborative experiments. We devise a taxonomy with the aspects of collaboration in scientific research and discuss each of these aspects. We also identify literature gaps that provide future opportunities.
A ciência é uma atividade colaborativa por definição. A pesquisa científica é geralmente realizada por vários cientistas trabalhando juntos, e esse comportamento tem sido intensificado nas últimas décadas. Além disso, os experimentos são cada vez mais realizados in silico, o que exige ferramentas de suporte adequadas. Apesar de algumas abordagens tratarem da elaboração e análise de experimentos de forma colaborativa, elas exigem que os cientistas usem sistemas de gerência de workflow, ignorando o fato de muitos cientistas utilizarem scripts nas suas pesquisas. As ferramentas para execução de experimentos baseados em scripts normalmente apresentam suporte muito limitado a colaboração. Sendo assim, alguns cientistas acabam utilizando ferramentas de versionamento para colaborar nesse contexto. Apesar das ferramentas de versionamento tratarem diversos aspectos colaborativos da construção de scripts, elas são ferramentas voltadas para o desenvolvimento de software e estão preocupadas somente com a fase de composição do script, não tratando problemas específicos da pesquisa científica. Nesse trabalho apresentamos um projeto de pesquisa que visa a apoiar o cientista na condução de experimentos in silico baseados em script de forma colaborativa.
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