Augusta Marie Déjerine-Klumpke (1859-1927) was a formidable neurologist, neuroanatomist and researcher in France. One of the first women to be accepted for medical internship, externship and research in Paris, Augusta made her name studying and teaching anatomy, histology and dissection, attending clinical activities in neurology, obstetrics, pediatrics and neurologic trauma, performing necropsies, and writing scientific papers and book chapters. Her main research in neurology awarded her an eponym for the avulsion of the lowest root of the brachial plexus (Klumpke's palsy). Married to her professor, the remarkable Dr. Joseph Jules Déjerine, Augusta continued her career and became the first female president of the French Society of Neurology.

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The therapeutic effect of IVIG for prevention of postnatal relapses in MS could not clearly be established in this meta-analysis.

Background: Catastrophization is a psychological aspect of pain that alters its perception and expression. Objective: To investigate the feature of catastrophization in migraine. Methods: An online survey of individuals suffering from migraine attacks at least twice a month, for at least one year was carried out. Confidentiality was assured and participants gave details of their headache (including a visual analogue pain scale) and answered the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Catastrophization Scale questionnaires. Results: The survey included 242 individuals with migraine attacks at least twice a month. The median scores observed in this group of individuals were 7 for pain, 11 for anxiety, 7 for depression, and 2 for catastrophization. Catastrophization had no correlation with the duration (p=0.78) or intensity (p=0.79) of the migraine. There was no correlation between catastrophization and headache frequency (p=0.91) or the monthly amount of headache medication taken (p=0.85). High scores for catastrophization (≥3.0) were identified in one third of the participants. These high scores were not associated with age, headache duration, pain severity, frequency of attacks, or traits of depression or anxiety. There was a moderate association between both depression and anxiety traits with catastrophization. Conclusions: Catastrophization seems to be a trait of the individual and appears to be unrelated to the characteristics of the migraine.

Mary Broadfoot Walker was a Scottish physician who, in 1935, described in great detail the effect of an anticholinesterase drug (physostigmine) on the signs and symptoms of myasthenia gravis. An original five-minutes movie is available online and the skepticism of her contemporary British medical doctors is understandable when the drastic effect of the treatment is shown in this movie. What Mary Walker taught us, more than eight decades ago, about myasthenia gravis continues to be the basis of a pharmacological diagnostic test and treatment of this disease.Keywords: myasthenia gravis; physostigmine; neostigmine; acetylcholinesterase. RESUMOMary Broadfoot Walker foi uma médica escocesa que em 1935 descreveu em grande detalhe o efeito de uma droga anticolinesterásica (fisostigmina) nos sinais e sintomas da myasthenia gravis. Um filme original com cinco minutos de duração está disponível online e a reação cética dos colegas médicos contemporâneos de Mary é compreensível dado o drástico efeito terapêutico mostrado neste filme. O que Mary Walker nos ensinou mais de oito décadas atrás continua a ser a base de um teste diagnóstico farmacológico e do tratamento da myasthenia gravis.

Cavernoma consists of a rare type of vascular anomaly that can present with different neurological manifestations. This article reports a case of cavernoma in a 14-year-old boy, whose first symptom was headache

The Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 (TRPM8) is a member of the mammal TRPM subfamily. TRPM8 is involved in menthol-induced cold allodynia, a condition that activates the left lateral thalamus and the primary and secondary somatosensory cortices, which are related to pain processing. Cold is a well-known trigger of migraine. Thirty-nine articles were identified, 27 of which were selected for review after reading the abstracts. Fourteen papers were further excluded. TRPM8 seems to be involved in the pain mechanism of migraine and therefore should be considered as a target for the development of therapies against this type of primary headache.

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