A comparison of nonlocal continuum and discrete dislocation plasticity predictions Bittencourt, E.; Needleman, A.; Gurtin, M.E.; Giessen, E. van der Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. AbstractDiscrete dislocation simulations of two boundary value problems are used as numerical experiments to explore the extent to which the nonlocal crystal plasticity theory of Gurtin (J. Mech. Phys. Solids 50 (2002) 5) can reproduce their predictions. In one problem simple shear of a constrained strip is analyzed, while the other problem concerns a two-dimensional model composite with elastic reinforcements in a crystalline matrix subject to macroscopic shear. In the constrained layer problem, boundary layers develop that give rise to size e ects. In the composite problem, the discrete dislocation solutions exhibit composite hardening that depends on the reinforcement morphology, a size dependence of the overall stress-strain response for some morphologies, and a strong Bauschinger e ect on unloading. In neither problem are the qualitative features of the discrete dislocation results represented by conventional continuum crystal plasticity. The nonlocal plasticity calculations here reproduce the behavior seen in the discrete dislocation simulations in remarkable detail. ?

We present a geometric scalar theory of gravity. Our proposal will be described using the "background field method" introduced by Gupta, Feynman, Deser and others as a field theory formulation of general relativity. We analyze previous criticisms against scalar gravity and show how the present proposal avoids these difficulties. This concerns not only the theoretical complaints but also those related to observations. In particular, we show that the widespread belief of the conjecture that the source of scalar gravity must be the trace of the energy-momentum tensor-which is one of the main difficulties to couple gravity with electromagnetic phenomenon in previous models-does not apply to our geometric scalar theory. Some consequences of the new scalar theory are explored.

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We investigate all feasible mathematical representations of disformal transformations on a spacetime metric according to the action of a linear operator upon the manifold's tangent and cotangent bundles. The geometric, algebraic and group structures of this operator and their interfaces are analyzed in detail. Then, we scrutinize a possible physical application, providing a new covariant formalism for a phenomenological approach to quantum gravity known as Rainbow Gravity.

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We analyze the invariance of the Dirac equation under disformal transformations depending on the propagating spinor field acting on the metric tensor. Using the Weyl-Cartan formalism, we construct a large class of disformal maps between different metric tensors, respecting the order of differentiability of the Dirac operator and satisfying the Clifford algebra in both metrics. We split the analysis in some cases according to the spinor mass and the norm of the Dirac current, exhibiting sufficient conditions to find classes of solutions which keep the Dirac operator invariant under the action of the disformal group.

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