The present report concerns investigation of bladder disturbances in 31 juvenile diabetics. It was shown that: 1. The predominant lesion is one of neuropathy.-2. Vesical involvement such as increased capacity and atony was demonstrated by cystometry in 27 out of the 31 cases (87%).-3. 4 cases had neck hypertrophy.-4. The most striking symptom was a large volume of first morning urine. This information was elicited from the patients. They had no urological complaints.-5. A high incidence of impotence was seen in diabetics with neurogenic bladder.-6. The possible causes of such lesions and the value of certain therapeutic measures was discussed. Vessie neurog~ne asymptomatique ehez des diabdtigue~ ]eunes Rdsumd. Le prdsent travail coneerne une investigation sur les troubles de la vessie chez 31 diabdtiques jeunes. I1 a @t6 dgmontrd que: 1. La 16sion pr6dominante est une 16sion de neuropathie.-2. Des signes v@sicaux tels que la capacitd accrue et l'atonie mesur6es par cystom@trie, ont 6t4 d6montr6s darts 27 cas sur les 31 (87%).-3. 4 cas avaient une hypertrophie du col.-4. Le symptome le plus frappant 6tait l'important volume de la premiere urine du matin. Ceci a 6t6 indiqu6 par los patients. Ils ne se plaignaient d'aucun trouble urologiquc.-5. On trouve une haute frdquence d'impuissance chez les diab@tiques ayant une vessie neurog6ne.-6. Les causes possibles de telles 16sions et la valeur de eertaines mesures th@rapeutiques sont diseutges. Asymptomatische neurogene BlasenstSrung bei jugendlichen Diabetilcern Zusammenfassung. Es wird fiber Blasenst6rungen bei 31 jugendliehen Diabetikern berichtet. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dal3: 1. die Neuropathie die vorherrschende StSrung darstellt ; 2. bei 27 yon 31 F~llen (87%) eine Blasenbeteiligung (gesteigerte Kapazit~t und zytometrisch nachweisbare Atonie) vorlag;-3. bei 4 F~llen eine Blasenhalshypertrophie bestand;-4. hervorstechendes Syruptom war die grol]e Harnmenge bei der ersten morgcndlichen Blasenentleerung, fiber das die Patienten auf Anfrage beriehteten. Sic iiul~erten keine urologischen Beschwerden;-5. Bei vielen Diabetikern mit einer neurogenen Blasenst6rung ist eine Impotenz festzustellen;-6. Die fiir diese Lfisionen in Frage kommenden Ursachen und der Weft einiger therapeutiseher Ma2nahmen werden diskutiert.

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This model can be applied for a wide range of patient-specific resolution levels. If the upper airway generations have been constructed from a computed tomography scan, it would be possible to quickly obtain a complete reconstruction of the lung specific to a specific person, which would allow individualized therapies.

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A three-dimensional, computational fluid dynamics model of the human respiratory system is put forward for consideration. This in silico model is based on existing state-of-the-art geometric approximations. As a complete simulation of the geometry would have unaffordable high computational costs, the model is composed of a single path of air from the mouth to the 16th bronchial generation, truncating the symmetrical branches that were not included. The innovation housed in this model is the development of a function that is applied to the truncated branches, which contemplates the behavior of the airflow within those branches, by copying cell by cell the velocity vectors existing in the symmetrical face of the developed branch. This model can reproduce the complete airflow process: inspiration and expiration cycles, through simulation in unsteady flow conditions. In normal breathing the air velocity varies within a narrow range, with steady changes. Therefore the model has been validated simulating a spirometry maneuver, in which an inspiration and expiration are performed in the most demanding conditions in order to obtain a wide speed range with faster variations.

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