Economic security can be considered as an economic aspect of the life of an individual or household that provides the opportunity to achieve financial stability and improve living standards. In this context, understanding the impact of economic affordability of food on the economic security of the country is of great importance. The authors propose to use the indicator of economic affordability of food for in-depth analysis of the economic security of the country. Indicators that determine the level of economic affordability of food products in Ukraine for 2000–2018 are calculated. The regression analysis made it possible to establish a close relationship between the indicators of food expenditures and the level of GDP per capita, between the level of income and expenditure of food of decile groups. Correlation coefficients between the consumption of six basic foodstuffs and the level of per capita income in Ukraine are determined. The obtained indicators, which determine the economic affordability of food, allow us to conclude that there is a lack of economic protection at the level of individual low-income households. Overcoming economic instability and minimizing the possible consequences of the low level of economic affordability of food should become one of the main tasks of Ukraine’s economic security.
Ukraine, as a young country, is creating the investment market, which is the most important component of the national economy under the challenges and threats of the XXI century, instability and hybrid war. The study aims to analyze the investment climate and investment attractiveness of Ukraine and to identify key indicators through the political, legal, economic, social, and other conditions under which its investment market will become attractive. The dynamics investigation of foreign direct investments (FDI) inflows into Ukraine during 2002–2018, their structural analysis enabled to identify the periods of the most significant fluctuations and to state the reasons for such changes, to differentiate priority sectors of the Ukrainian economy being of financial interest to foreign investors, which is as a whole the basis of the attractive investment climate formation and management in the country.The methods of financial management system, including the method of SWOT analysis, were applied to determine investment weaknesses, threats, strengths and opportunities, considering the peculiarities of their management.As a consequence of the analysis on the reasons for the reduction of foreign investments in the country economy, it is proved that the proposed mechanism for improving the investment climate in the country will allow increasing FDI inflows and financing the general capital investments.
The article examines the theoretical and methodological and applied principles of monitoring the financial security of enterprises, as well as proposes measures to improve it. It is emphasized that financial monitoring means a specific part of the management process, which includes methods of measures to control the situation over the analyzed period of time, as well as methods to identify causes of discrepancies between actual indicators and standards. The process of financial monitoring should include the following stages: setting goals, planning, monitoring, collecting and summarizing information, analysis and evaluation of business parameters, preparation of recommendations for management decisions, their adjustment and improvement, control of impact and information formation for further observation. Monitoring the financial performance of the enterprise as a tool to ensure its financial security must be carried out at different stages of financial management to make key management financial decisions. It is noted that it is important to monitor the financial security of the enterprise on the basis of the effectiveness of the business entity. The effectiveness of monitoring the financial security of the enterprise depends on the objectivity and efficiency of actions, the sequence of stages of its implementation and compliance with the principles of implementation. Before starting financial monitoring, it is important to have a clear understanding of the program of action that is in line with its purpose and objectives. An important aspect of the effectiveness of the financial monitoring system is the regularity of its implementation. Based on the results of monitoring the effectiveness of the financial security of the enterprise, measures and stages of implementation of its strategy are proposed, which should contribute to strengthening the financial security of the researched enterprise. It is generalized that the implementation of financial monitoring involves the formation of a set of organizational, economic and managerial measures aimed at adapting the company to changes in external and internal conditions, as well as successful operation in a competitive environment and, consequently, its financial security.
Since the beginning of the administrative and territorial reform in Ukraine, the financial decentralization process has been intensified. It aims at optimizing the budgetary resource redistribution in order to make communities financially independent. This significantly increases the financial capacity for self-organization and self-development of a united territorial community, which determines the need to apply valuation methods to increase the territory’s investment attractiveness.The article outlines the peculiarities of the united territorial communities (UTCs) management under fiscal decentralization, taking into account the need to apply current methods of value-oriented management. At the same time, the use of SWOT analysis as one of the methods of value-oriented management made it possible to evaluate the efficiency and attractiveness of UTCs under decentralization. The financial activity of 665 UTCs was analyzed and the model for managing the united territorial community was created. It is emphasized that the modern understanding of financial support for united territorial communities remains unresolved today, and the expediency to introduce changes in the UTC, which envisage using the subsidiarity principles, is not justified.The key directions for managing the UTCs are identified. This refers to communities that began their activities and already faced the first challenges: management of available resources, provision of needs and sustainable development of the community, changes in the ratio of their income and expenditure components, increase in the budget income per capita.It is recommended to focus on tools of value-oriented management in the united territorial communities in order to attract investors and increase the financial capacity of local authorities.
The article considers the results of monitoring the efficiency of the banking system of Ukraine. Monitoring the effectiveness of the banking system is based primarily on the study of the profitability of the bank, which management achieves in the process of managing this bank. During the monitoring of the efficiency of the banking system of Ukraine, attention was focused on the studied indicators in terms of groups of banks depending on their owner. In the period 2015-2020, half of the domestic banking entities were inefficient. The management of such banks was unable to establish effective management, and therefore the vast majority of banks were declared insolvent and liquidated from the banking system. The crisis in the banking system showed the depth of the problems that banks had accumulated at that time. This crisis also had positive consequences for the economy, as only the most stable banks remained operational, with liquidity, solvency, profitability, and organization and business models effective. The absolute indicator of the efficiency of the banking system is the dynamics of net profit.The financial result of Ukrainian banks during 2015-2017 was negative, and the banking system was unprofitable. The banking system's total net profit was received in 2018. In 2019, profit increased significantly, but during 2020 the growth rate slowed down. The reason for the long-term losses of banks in recent years was, first of all, the decline in asset quality. The spread of the pandemic in 2020 worsened the financial condition of banking institutions, but the number of unprofitable banks did not increase. Over the last three years, there has been a tendency to increase both total operating income and their main components, namely net commission and net interest income. Only foreign banks in terms of groups had a consistently high operational efficiency during 2018-2020. The results of the study allow us to conclude that in general the banking system at the end of the study period is working effectively. The future of the banking system in Ukraine cannot be accurately predicted. Banks need to be able to adapt quickly to changes in the factors that affect their profitability.
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