Monitoring environment changes has become a necessity as a result of current environment deteriorating due to human activities like mining activities. In most developing countries like Kosovo (Mitrovica), acquiring information concerning the current condition and the dynamic changes of the environment for a rapid monitoring is not easy. The present study provides The Normalized Difference vegetation Index (NDVI) of the study area, Mitrovica. The main aim of the study is to monitor and evaluate changes in vegetation over the years, using NDVI time series outputs. As well as this technique of monitoring vegetation will be used to evaluate drying vegetation as e result of the mining tailings in this area, exactly because of the presence of the heavy metals that come by industrial activities in this region. The NDVI technique involves the use of remote sensed data in different time series extracted from Landsat 5 and Landsat 8. The Landsat satellite images give us reliable information for monitoring vegetation change according in NDVI time series. According to the present study, the NDVI data generated gives us valuable informations about vegetation. However, the study demonstrated that in Mitrovica was changed the vegetation over the years as result of human mining activities and climate change as well. The NDVI technique can be employed for monitoring vegetation cover and it's values range from-1 to 1. The present study shows monitoring vegetation changes for 2000, 2010 and 2018. The NDVI time series Mitrovica maps computed in the study, range from-0.30 to 0.26 in 2000, from-0.09 to 0.47 in 2010 and-0.14 to 0.60 in 2018. This technique can be applied in different areas in the country and will be effective tool for environmental monitoring and evaluating vegetation change and vegetation monitoring as well. Furthermore, the study will answer to the many questions for vegetation change in Mitrovica and its change ratio.
The integration of spatial data analysis methods and thematic map models is an approach to reduce the negative impact of anthropogenic pressure on the environment due to mining and waste generation. The large amounts of industrial waste from mining in the Mitrovica region in northern Kosovo lead to serious environmental problems with organic and inorganic water and soil pollution. This study aims to design and establish a geospatial database for long-term environmental monitoring, provide analytical tools, and support appropriate management decisions by local authorities and agencies. The database contains topographical elements and ecological parameters collected from different national and open access international sources. All collected data have been analyzed, standardized and harmonized within the open-source QGIS ver.3 software. The results showed that in developed datasets were organized in different GIS layers and compiled several thematic maps. The designed database is unique by its architecture, providing an opportunity for periodical monitoring of the environment near the mining areas.
Keywords: Environmental monitoring; Spatial database; Open source software; QGIS; Kosovo.
Copyright (c) 2021 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License
The aim of the paper is developing the Digital Terrain Model (DTM in the further text) through QGIS software. In order to accomplish intention of the paper will test some of the methods and techniques that are widely known in nowadays and those are supported by QGIS software – an open source software. And those methods named TIN and GRID. For showing complexity on the study area will analyse some features or characteristics of terrain in the created DTM. All of these methods and techniques will be applied in QGIS. In general, the QGIS software has rich methodology for creation, intepretation, visualization and analysing the geo-spatial data and the DTM in particular.
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