Air quality studies with bioindicators have not been well developed in South America. In the city of Córdoba, there are not permanent air pollutant measurements by equipment. In order to develop an air quality biomonitoring system using lichens, we applied a systematic sampling in the city of Córdoba, Argentina. A total of 341 plots were sampled in the area of the city which is a square of 24 × 24 km. In each sample plot we selected three phorophytes and estimated the frequency and cover of lichen species growing at 1.5 m on trunks. We also calculated the Index of Atmospheric Purity (IAP) using lichen frequencies. Maps with number of lichen species, cover values, and IAP were performed. The lichen community was described with nine species where Physcia undulata and Physcia endochryscea were the most frequent. Moreover, these two species were dominant in the community with the highest cover index. The central area of the city is considered a lichen desert with poor air quality. The southeast and northwest areas of the city showed the highest IAP values and number of species. In general, the city shows fair air quality and few areas with good and very good air quality.

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nuevas cItas de macrolíquenes para argentIna y amplIacIones de dIstrIbucIón en el centro del país Summary: New records of macrolichens and increasing distributional range in central Argentina. Four species of lichenized Ascomycetes are mentioned for the first time from Argentina: Endocarpon pallidulum, Placidium arboreum, Pyxine astridiana and Usnea michauxii. A brief description of each one is presented considering morphological, anatomical and chemical characteristics. The distribution of 68 lichen species in Argentina is also extended.