Gravitational unloading leads to adaptations of the human body, including the spine and its adjacent structures, making it more vulnerable to injury and pain. The Functional Re‐adaptive Exercise Device (FRED) has been developed to activate the deep spinal muscles, lumbar multifidus (LM) and transversus abdominis (TrA), that provide inter‐segmental control and spinal protection. The FRED provides an unstable base of support and combines weight bearing in up‐right posture with side alternating, elliptical leg movements, without any resistance to movement. The present study investigated the activation of LM, TrA, obliquus externus (OE), obliquus internus (OI), abdominis, and erector spinae (ES) during FRED exercise using intramuscular fine‐wire and surface EMG. Nine healthy male volunteers (27 ± 5 years) have been recruited for the study. FRED exercise was compared with treadmill walking. It was confirmed that LM and TrA were continually active during FRED exercise. Compared with walking, FRED exercise resulted in similar mean activation of LM and TrA, less activation of OE, OI, ES, and greater variability of lumbo‐pelvic muscle activation patterns between individual FRED/gait cycles. These data suggest that FRED continuously engages LM and TrA, and therefore, has the potential as a stationary exercise device to train these muscles.
The aim was quantify the amount of movement of the center of pressure (COP) in a population of elderly and children. Methods: This was a cross-section study. A convenience sample (38 elderly and 20 children) was obtained for this study. The parameters obtained were: area and average speed of excursion of the COP, and the frequency bands (0,0625; 0,125; 0,25; 0,5; 1; 2 y 4 Hz). Objetivo: cuantificar las diferencias en la excursión del centro de presión (COP) en una población de adultos mayores y una de niños.Materiales y métodos: el diseño del estudio fue un corte transversal. Se obtuvo una muestra por conveniencia de 38 adultos mayores y 20 niños. Los parámetros obtenidos desde la plataforma de fuerza fueron: área y velocidad promedio del COP, y las bandas de frecuencia (0,0625; 0,125; 0,25; 0,5; 1; 2 y 4 Hz).Resultados: la evaluación del balance de pie en ausencia del sistema visual evidenció diferencias significativas en las variables área y velocidad promedio de desplazamiento del COP. El grupo de niños genera una mayor área del COP durante la prueba que el de adultos mayores (p = 0,009). Sin embargo, los ajustes posturales en los niños son mucho más rápidos que en el grupo de edad más viejo (p = 0,002). Conclusiones: en ausencia del sistema visual, el grupo de adultos mayores presentó una menor área y velocidad de ajuste postural que el grupo más joven. Este último grupo utilizó los sistemas somatosensorial y vestibular para mantener el balance de pie.
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