This paper examines religious and state relations of Islamic thought perspective. This study aims to describe how the relationship between religion and state in the view of Islam. The method used in obtaining data is descriptive method through literature study. The results of the study show that among Muslim figures or thinkers such as Nurcholish Madjid and Abdur Rahman Wahid agree that there is a constructive relationship between state and religion which by revivalists separates it. Some of the indicators are: (1) Islam gives the principles of the formation of a state with the concept of khalīfah ,dawlah, or hukūmah, (2) Islam emphasizes the democratic values of truth and justice, and (3) Islam upholds Human Rights by stating that the basic rights that human beings bring ever since they are born are the right of religious freedom. Therefore, Islam essentially emphasizes the importance of human rights to be upheld in a state, because human rights are rights that should not be disturbed and deprived from the person who has the right.
This paper discusses the reform of Islamic law in the Islamic Law Compilation. The main sources of Islamic law are the Qur'an and Sunnah shall be applied to the human race. Therefore, Islamic law must be able to respond to development and change that occur in people's lives. Reform of Islamic law as the search for relevance to the development of contemporary Islamic law is not a stand-alone effort, but is influenced by internal factors and external factors. One Islamic law in Indonesia in the form of the regulation that has become positive law is Islamic Law Compilation. Several articles in the Islamic Law Compilation is a form of Islamic law reform. Whether it relates to marriage or about donation such grants could be a legacy. There are many other clauses which are part of the reform of Islamic law in the Islamic law compilation.
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