Knowledge transfer depends on the motivations of the target users. A case study of the intention of Indonesian coffee farmers to use a tree canopy trimming technique in pine–based agroforestry highlights path-dependency and complexity of social-ecological relationships. Farmers have contracts permitting coffee cultivation under pine trees owned by the state forestry company but have no right to fell trees. A multidisciplinary international team of scientists supported farmers at the University of Brawijaya Forest in East Java to trial canopy trimming to improve light for coffee production while maintaining tree density. Data were collected using surveys through interviews, case study analysis using in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and nonparticipant observations. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior, we found that though farmer attitudes toward trimming techniques were positive, several factors needed to be scrutinized: perceived limited socio-policy support and resources. While there is hope that canopy trimming can improve coffee production and local ecosystem services, a participatory and integrative extension and communication strategy will be needed. In the relationship between farmers as agents and forest authorities as principals, any agroforestry innovation needs to incorporate knowledge and concerns in the triangle of farmers, policymakers and empirical science.

This paper discusses the dynamics of a communicable disease in a predator-prey system. It is assumed that a parasite is infectious and it spreads among preys according to a SIS (susceptible-infective-susceptible) model but not among predators, the predators stay healthy. Two predation response functions of Holling type II are used for both healthy and infected preys. The feasibility and stability conditions of the equilibrium points of the system are analyzed. The model has one trivial equilibrium and two free-disease positive equilibria; (i) in the absence of predator (and (ii) in the presence of predator. The threshold condition of is derived. If it is below threshold, becomes stable and if above threshold, it is unstable. The basic reproduction numbers for and are 170 Asrul Sani et al. also derived, called dan , respectively. These basic numbers serve as thresholds. If or , the equlibrium point or becomes asymptotically locally stable. If or , the equilibrium or is unstable.

The cyber extension has a significant media in developing an extension program of agricultural information.  The government has built the cyber extension supported by the development of ICT and its utilization in the dissemination of agricultural information. It is expected to provide positive benefits in the improvement of competence of the extension workers.  The purpose of this research is to analyse the characteristics and perception of the extensions workers in the utilization of cyber extension to support their work. This research is correlational descriptive analysis by using survey method. The study was conducted in South Manokwari Regency, West Papua Province. The sample in the research was all extension workers as many as 22 people. The result shows that the characteristics of the extensions workers as follow: the media used is a smartphone (100%), the working period is 5-10 years (77%) and the education level is high school (SMK/SPMA, 73%).  Meanwhile, the perception of the extension workers on the cyber media is high. It reaches 95%. They provide the positive perception on cyber extension concerning variables of benefit, complexity, and convenience.Keywords: smart phone, training, farmer, rural, ManokwariJEL Classification: D80, Q16

This study aims to investigate the dynamics of the effects of world crude oil prices and world rice prices on Indonesia's inflation rate in the period between January 2004 and September 2015. Monthly time series data spanning from January 2004 to September 2015 are analyzed using difference equation model as the econometric tool. Test result shows that there existed a dynamic effect of world oil crude prices and world rice prices on inflation rate in Indonesia. The World crude oil prices positively affected the inflation rate in that each 1% increase (decrease) in the world crude oil prices caused the inflation rate to go up (drop) by 0.33%. The world rice prices also positively affected the inflation rate, where each 1% increase (decrease) in world rice prices was followed by a 0.52% rise (fall) of the inflation rate.

PurposeThis study aims to draw lessons on how talent identification becomes a critical factor in the field of talent management (TM).Design/methodology/approachA simulation approach with three developed scenarios is used in the paper. The first utilised the standard deviation of skewed performance scores, the second applied the standard deviation of normalised data and the third practised a percentile approach. Concerning the normalisation process of employee performance data, the paper proposed a weighted function to address skewness.FindingsThe results indicate that the process of identifying talent using a nine-grid box is sensitive to changes in the classification criteria used, indicating a bias in identifying talent. In sum, using a standard deviation approach using transformation data is the most appropriate choice for use in performance data with a skewed distribution.Practical implicationsThe Government of West Java Province, Indonesia, can use the simulation results to objectively identify excellent civil servants and develop an appropriate TM strategy. A similar process treatment can be implemented in other organisations that have skew distribution issues.Originality/valueThis paper introduces a weighted function approach to address practical problems in the unsymmetrical distribution of employee performance scores when identifying talent using a TM framework. It shows the application of a unique mathematical technique to solve issues found in the field of human resources management systems.

We develop a Bayesian spatio-temporal model based on a spatial Poisson-Lognormal convolution model. The convolution model consists of two component, i.e.; heterogeneity (fixed effects) and uncertainty (local and global random effects). We introduce an additional component in the development model so-called temporal trend. The developed model is adjusted based on dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) characteristics data. The DHF cases are considered as two-level hierarchical data since the cases are measured at smallest locations (as level 1) and the locations are nested to larger area (as level 2). Because the data are discrete with non-normal distribution, the development model is expressed as a generalized linear model. The parameters of the model are estimated using its full conditional distribution, respectively, by applying Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) computational *technique. We apply the model to analyze the endemic locations of DHF cases in the city of Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The developed model can be well identifying the DHF prone locations in the city more than the convolution model. In this model we use two predictors, i.e. rainfall and population density, and both of them are statistically significant. Applying the model to the real data, the results show that Kadia and Puwatu districts are endemic locations. The best time to intervene the DHF risk in the both locations to prevent the spread to other locations was in the month of January

The Indonesian state forest managers have accepted farmer-managed coffee agroforestry in their estates as part of their social forestry program. Access by local farming communities to state-owned plantation forestry supports public motivation to maintain forest cover. However, balancing the expectations and needs of forest managers with those of the local farming communities is not easy. Coffee yields in Indonesia are lower than those of neighboring countries, suggesting that there is scope for improvement. Here we describe an experimental research platform developed through an international collaboration between the Universitas Brawijaya (UB), the UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UKCEH), and smallholder coffee farmers to explore options for improving pine-coffee agroforestry systems within existing regulations. Located in a former state-owned pine production forest on the slopes of the stratovolcano, Mount Arjuna, in the Malang Regency of East Java, the research platform has seven instrumented research plots (40 × 60 m2), where agronomic practices can be trialed. The aim of the platform is to support the development of sustainable agronomic practices to improve the profitability of coffee agroforestry and thus the livelihood of low-income rural communities. Current trials are focused on improving coffee yields and include pine canopy trimming, fertilizers, and coffee pruning trials, with links to the development of socio-economic and environmental models. Whilst it is too early to assess the full impacts on yields, a survey of farmers demonstrated a positive attitude to canopy pruning, although with some concern over labor cost. The initial ecosystem modelling has highlighted the benefits of coffee agroforestry in balancing environmental and economic benefits. Here we provide a detailed description of the site, the current trials, and the modelling work, with the hope of highlighting opportunities for future collaboration and innovation.

Engineering cropping is an effort to improve agricultural productivity. In this document, the farmers are recommended perception of Jajar Legowo an alternative pattern rice cultivation by the government (Department of Agriculture). The new cropping patterns promotes the planting of two or more rows of plants that are deliberately aligned left blank with a longitudinal space. These cropping patterns were in the villages in the district Widang (Kabupatan Tuban) introduced in November 2015 on the results of a study, scattered on some farmers contacts This paper is based on the characteristics to be assessed, of what is considered by farmers to be important in the cultivation pattern assigned Jajar Legowo. The survey was conducted with the 30 contact farmers conducted a questionnaire with answers to questions that are closed, and comes to answer an open question.The results of this study show that one of the features Jajar Legowo that compatibility is a high level. Generally looked farmers that the productivity of the fields is not a problem by itself, because the productivity of the fields in this location is relatively high. In addition, the farmers are not willing to a new way of working, to designate the fields that are the need for the capacity of farmer contact with new techniques such as cropping patterns or replace the introduced technology to increase advice to farmers. The authors conclude that farmers hesitate to use these innovations because they do not fit the needs of farmers and relatively complicated process.