Abstract. There is a fire hazard in many civil buildings or engineering structures. Analysis of people evacuation time from the room or building is an important part of the designing process. Nevertheless, analysis of human behaviour in fire conditions is very complicated. Various factors should be evaluated, physical and even psychical, influencing safe evacuation of people from buildings. The analytical and calculating methods created are intended for analysis of people evacuation in fire conditions. Unfortunately, use of complicated calculations for determination of people evacuation requires too many resources; therefore, their application is limited. The calculation method for people evacuation presented in this paper is based on dependencies of the physical characteristics of people stream (density, intensity, movement speed) on people movement manner. The time required to evacuate people from people gathering room and building is determined in the numerical illustration of the method application.The article presents the comparison of simple calculation method and modeling with FDS+Evac software results of time for safe evacuation of people from rooms and buildings.
There are many buildings and civil engineering works under construction which are at risk of fire. The fire resistance analysis of reinforced concrete structures constitutes an important part in their design. However, the analysis of the behaviour of load‐bearing members under high temperature conditions is very complicated. Various factors that influence the behaviour of the members need to be taken into account. Analytical and computation methods have been developed in the field of reinforced concrete building exposed to high temperature or accidental fire. Unfortunately, such models are computationally too demanding and their application are limited even for a simply supported reinforced concrete members (beams, plates etc). In this paper, an attempt has been made to extend application of the Flexural model to stress and strain analysis of flexural reinforced concrete members subjected to high temperature. Constitutive models and key material parameters describing thermo‐mechanical behaviour of concrete and reinforcement are discussed. A powerful calculation technique based on layered approach is briefly described. A numerical example of application of present method for calculating of stresses, strains and curvatures of reinforced concrete slab is presented.
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