Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto (Open Access) sob a licença Creative Commons Attribution, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, sem restrições desde que o trabalho original seja corretamente citado. Compostos bioativos e características físico-químicas de polpa de araticumin natura e pasteurizada Bioactive compounds and physicochemical characteristics of in natura and pasteurized araticum pulp ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial antioxidante, o teor de compostos fenólicos e de carotenoides de polpa de araticum in natura e pasteurizada, e avaliar o efeito da pasteurização nas suas características físico-químicas. A polpa de araticum in natura foi adquirida em Aragarças/GO e dividida em dois lotes: polpa in natura e polpa pasteurizada. As polpas foram analisadas em triplicata, em relação às variáveis: pH, acidez titulável (AT), vitamina C, sólidos solúveis (SS), relação entre SS/AT, atividade de água, cor, atividade antioxidante radicalar, compostos fenólicos e carotenoides, além da composição centesimal da polpa pasteurizada. A polpa in natura apresentou 0,98 de atividade de água e 9,57 °Brix de sólidos solúveis, e a polpa pasteurizada apresentou valores de 0,99 e 9,23 °Brix para atividade de água e sólidos solúveis, respectivamente. Os resultados mostraram que as polpas apresentaram relevantes propriedades antioxidantes, expressas na capacidade de reduzir em 50% o radical DPPH (IC 50 mg/mL). Com relação aos compostos fenólicos, ambas apresentaram valores próximos de 227,13 e 207,18 mg GAE/100 g -para polpa in natura e pasteurizada, respectivamente. A polpa pasteurizada apresentou 8,21 µg/g de β caroteno e 4,97 µg/g de α caroteno. Conclui-se que as polpas analisadas apresentam um elevado conteúdo de compostos bioativos e que o processo de pasteurização não interferiu nas características físico-químicas nem nos compostos bioativos analisados da polpa in natura. Palavras-chave: Marolo; Tratamento térmico; Fruto do Cerrado; Annona crassiflora. AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential and the phenolic compound and carotenoid contents of in natura and pasteurized araticum pulp, and evaluate the effect of pasteurization on the physicochemical characteristics. The in natura araticum pulp was acquired in Aragarças/GO, Brazil and divided into two portions: in natura and pasteurized pulp. The pulps were analysed in triplicate in relation to the variables: pH, titratable acidity, vitamin C, soluble solids, water activity, colour, radical antioxidant activity, phenolic and carotenoid compounds, as well as the proximate composition of the pasteurized pulp. The in natura pulp presented 0.98 of water activity and 9.57 °Brix of soluble solids, however the pasteurized pulp showed values of 0.99 and 9.23 °Brix for water activity and soluble solids, respectively. The results showed that the pulp had significant antioxidant properties, expressed as the ability to reduce the DPPH value by 50% (IC 50 mg/ml). With respect to the phenolic compoun...
The objective of this research was to evaluate the fatty acid profile and physicochemical properties of buriti oil under storage conditions. The oil was analyzed for 70 days by evaluating the physicochemical characteristics of acidity index, refractive index, bulk density, absolute viscosity, peroxide index, lipid oxidation by TBARS method, color parameters (L *, a *, b *, C * e h *) and carotenoid profile (α-carotene and β-carotene) for every 10 days of storage, in addition to the β-carotene/linoleic acid system and fatty acid profile. Variables remained stable over the analysis periods and the total carotenoids ranged from 836.91 to 1036.96 µg/g. Oleic acid accounted for the highest content among fatty acids, with a value of 78.06 g/100 g of fatty acids and a ω6/ω3 ratio of 1.95. Buriti oil has a nutritional quality and a fatty acid profile that justifies recommendations for its consumption, suggesting the need for regulatory bodies to draw up a standardized protocol for extracting oil from the fruit pulp.
Commonly, in the transmission network expansion planning (TNEP) problem, the objective is to define the minimal-cost investment in new transmission devices, e.g., the transmission lines and transformers, for the system to operate adequately in a planning horizon. In addition to the traditional approach of considering the installation of new components, the presented model considers the enhancement of the system operation performance through the modification of its topology in each operation scenario. �is modification is made by switching off the lines that degrade the system's performance. By using an illustrative example, we discuss why congestion is eliminated by switching off specific lines from the system, thereby improving the performance of the existing network and constructed candidate lines and leading to lower investment costs. �e proposed method also considers a strategy to reduce the number of lines switched off in order to improve the reliability of the system and avoid alternative optimal solutions with unnecessary lines switched. �e tests are carried out using the 46-bus southern Brazilian system and the IEEE 24-bus system, which are usually used as benchmarks for the TNEP problem. �e results are compared with the solu
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