The study of intestinal antisepsis has been the concern of the author for the past 40 years. Pioneer studies of sulfanilamide, sulfanilylguanidine, succinylsulfanilamide, succinylsulfathiazole, and phthalylsulfathiazole in dogs are reported, and subsequent clinical trials are detailed. By 1948, intestinal antisepsis had become an established procedure to complement adequate mechanical cleansing. Careful attention to meticulous, gentle handling of tissues, preservation of maximum blood supply, and strict aseptic technique should be continued; intestinal antisepsis is not a substitute for surgical principles. A combination of neomycin‐phthalylsulfathiazole, together with the above‐named practices, has resulted in an abdominal wall wound infection rate below 3%, with no intra‐abdominal complications due to postoperative infection.

ONE FIGUREIn our investigation of the pupil-dilating effect of the natural or Z-ephedrine in subjects of different races, it was noted that the Chinese and negroes did not respond as well as Caucasians. This led to the examination of other mydriatics and the compilation of the present data to bring out actual racial differences as shown by the mydriatic action of cocaine, euphthalmine, I-ephedrine, dI-ephedrine, and d-pseudoephedrine.The observation period was one hour, because it was found that each drug reaches its maximal effect within sixty minutes. I n every case one or two drops of one of the solutions was applied locally to one conjunctival sac. The transverse diameter of the pupil was measured at the time of instillation and at the end of one hour.Preliminary studies in diffuse daylight uniformly bore out the point that Caucasians are more susceptible to the mydriatic action of cocaine, euphthalmine, I-ephedrine, dZ-ephedrine, and d-pseudoephedrine. Our next procedure was to repeat the experiments under controlled conditions and study the problem on a more quantitative basis. For this purpose, all observations were made in a dark room before a standard lamp having a light intensity of 13.3 candle power. The pupil was measured by its image in a telescope with a filar micrometer. Ten subjects were studied from each race for each drug. The average results are given in table 1 and contrasted in figure 1. They corroborate those obtained in diffuse daylight .

Clearing. Fifteen showed at least 50% improvement, and five were considered failures.Two patients showed a tendency to relapse while they were being treated with quinacrine. Neither showed a good initial response, and results of treatment in both were ultimately classified as failures. Two untoward

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