Este artículo puede compartirse bajo la licencia CC BY-ND 4.0 y se referencia usando el siguiente formato: E. García, I. Amaya, R. Correa, "Algoritmos de optimización en la estimación de propiedades termodinámicas en tiempo real durante el tratamiento térmico de materiales con microondas", UIS Ingenierías, vol. RESUMENEste trabajo considera la predicción en tiempo real de parámetros térmicos de una muestra sometida a radiación. Se estimaron la conductividad térmica y la capacidad calorífica. Se modeló el flujo volumétrico interno de calor uniforme y constante en el tiempo. Para resolver el problema inverso se usaron algoritmos de optimización global tales como el método de la espiral, el método de búsqueda en vórtice, el método de pesos ponderados, el método de enjambre de partículas unificado, el método de optimización del campo electromagnético y el método de búsqueda armónica de ancho auto-regulado. Los resultados muestran que todos los algoritmos empleados estiman correctamente estos dos parámetros siempre y cuando, la relación señal a ruido (SNR) de las muestras (simuladas en este trabajo) esté por encima de 30 [dB]. Por ende, para propósitos prácticos, si se dispone de un buen diseño experimental y una buena instrumentación, se podrían estimar con alta precisión estos parámetros en tiempo real. PALABRAS CLAVE:Calentamiento por microondas, Estimación de parámetros, Métodos de optimización global, Problema inverso. ABSTRACTThis work considers the real-time prediction of thermal parameters for a cylindrical sample heated in a uniform electromagnetic field. The thermal conductivity ( ) and the heat capacity ( ) were estimated for the present case. The inner volumetric electromagnetic flux radiation process was modeled as uniform and constant in time. The spiral optimization algorithm (SOA), the vortex search (VS), the weighted attraction method (WAM), the unified particle swarm optimization (UPSO), the electromagnetic field optimization (EFO) and the self-regulated fret-width harmony search algorithm (SFHS) were used to solve the ill-posed inverse problem. Results showed that all employed algorithms correctly estimated these two parameter only if the signal-to-noise-ratio of the measured samples (simulated in this work) were above of 30 [dB]. Therefore, for practical purposes, these parameters can be estimated in real-time if a good experimental design and a correctly specified electronic instrumentation are available.
This article presents a strategy for designing optimal planar electromagnetic absorbers of several layers. The electromagnetic absorbers designed can operate in different frequency ranges. They were optimized by using a well-known spiral optimization algorithm. Results for the case of three, five, seven, and nine layers, showed the advantage of using this algorithm, mainly in terms of fewer adjustable parameters and its great capacity for intensification and diversification. Using Spiral Optimization, electromagnetic absorbers with seven and nine layers were designed for the frequency range between 0.8-5.4 GHz. They achieved a minimum attenuation of -26.13 dB and -25.66 dB, with respective thicknesses of 6.26 mm and 8.64 mm. The seven-layered design performed better than the nine-layered one. The results obtained were compared to those reported with other global optimization methods.
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