The study was conducted at Gechi in-situ forest conservation site to investigate woody plant species diversity. To collect the inventory data, a systematic and predetermined sampling system was followed. The main objectives of the study was to undergo inventory of the indigenous woody species, assessing the regeneration status, to determine the floristic composition and set the priority list of woody plant species for the vegetation of the area. Study was conducted during in January 2019. Gechi in-situ conservation site land feature was valley the transect line was laid along the valley ridge. All ten transects ware laid from west to east direction with forward bearing of 32°, between transects 150mt distance and also the quadrates were established with regular interval of 200 m from each other. In general, a total of three transects, 31 quadrates and 62 sub-quadrates were used to collect the inventory data from the Gechi in-situ site vegetation. From the inventoried a total of 47 woody plant specimens were collected; out of which 46 specimens were identified to the species level. Major threat of the Gechi forest recording during the study were 1.1% clearing for agriculture, 31.1% and 34.4% of the negative impacts were attributed by browsing and grazing respectively with moderate and intensive (heavy) levels and also 33.3% of forest was cutting of Bamboo for fence construction with the intensity of moderate to intensive disturbance level. To overcome forest disturbance proper conservation has to be taken to solve the problems and prevent the forest from forest disturbance factors.
The objective of the study was to document traditional knowledge on medicinal plants in north Achefer district.This study was conducted using semi-structured interviews using purposeful and random sampling methods. The collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS statics 21software. A total of 65 informants 59 male and 6 female were interviewed from 5 kebele of north Achefer district. Among 65 informants only 12 (18.5%) individuals are traditional healers and the rest 53 (81.5%) persons were not traditional healers. A total of 74 medicinal plants were recorded for treating human and animal ailments through oral, dermal and nasal routs. From the collected medicinal plant species, 98% / of them were identified and the rest 2% / medicinal plant species were listed by their local name. Among 39 plant families the most frequently used plant species reported were Solanaceae 5 (7.4%) and Euphorbiaceae 5 (7.4%), Fabaceae 4 (5.9%) and the least Lamiaceae 3 (4.4%). In the study area medicinal plants affect by different factors, the main factors were human activity (69.2%) by cutting; agricultural explanation, cultivating introduced species and natural factors (20%) drought, erosion, hail and the rest (10.8%) of respondents were reported that factors affected medicinal plants in the area. North Achefer woreda is rich in indigenous knowledge associated with medicinal plant but the distribution and diversity of medicinal plants have been declined at alarming rate. So attention should given and use best conservation methods to protect species from loss.
Abstract:The aim of the study was to investigate previous and future potential threats and pressures in the study area. It described the relative severity, coverage, permanence, probability of occurrence and the trend of threats and pressures of the forest. A reconnaissance survey was conducted from October to December 2013 to collect Ecological data. A total of 80 informants were purposively selected from adjacent kebele (the smallest administrative unit in Ethiopia) residents based on their familiarity to threats. Semi structured interview, focus group discussion and guided field walk were used as a tool for data collection. Overgrazing, wood collection, investment expansion and expansion of farmland were the first four sever pressure and threats to the forest. Cutting and clearing, soil erosion, and boundary conflict were given least main concern. The overall mean of multiple pressure trends was increased sharply and wide spread (15-50%) extent with high impact in the long term (20-100 years) permanence for rehabilitation. The overall mean of multiple threats trend was increased sharply and widespread (15-50%) extent with high impact in the long-term (20-100 years) permanence for rehabilitation. The result revealed that strong dependency on the forest is leading to aggravation of the identified threats and pressure and deterioration of Temcha Riverine forest. Raising awareness of local communities on the value of forest and ecological consequences of the observed threats is recommended as the possible management techniques.
The objective of the present study was assessing the species composition, relative abundance and species diversity of avifauna found in wetlands of Semin Mecha District. The diversity, relative abundance and distribution of the avian species were investigated from January 2019 to August 2019 both wet and dry seasons. Both point count and line transect methods were employed to identify birds from the three wetlands. A total of 39 species, 28 genera 14 families and 8 orders were identified. The order Charadriiformes dominated the list (4 families with 14 species) followed by Pelecaniformes (2 families with 9 species), Gruiformes (2 families with 4 species), suliformes 2 families with 3 species), psseriformes (1 family with 6 species), the rest Accipitriformes, phoenicopteriformes and podicipediformes(1 family with 1 species) each. Out of total 39 species, one species (Black billed gull) was endangered, two species (wattled crane and Black crowned crane were vulnerable, one specie (Rouget's rail) was near threatened, and thirty five bird species recorded were under the Least Concern category. Species abundance and diversity varied between the three habitats. Weinner Simpson index showed significant diversity of birds in Koga reservoir had higher species diversity (H’=5.9) followed by kurt Bahir dembar(H’=4.15) and lower species diversity Kurt Bahir (H’=2.53).The study shows that habitat destruction due to anthropogenic activities:- over-grazing, sedimentation, poor management of catchment, recession farming, over-utilization of resources, lack of awareness , Lack of sense of ownership, giving less attention to conservation were the main threats to the survival of wetland birds in the study area. The current management of wetlands is poor because of misuse of wetlands as the result birds are endangered. Thus urgent conservation measures are recommended to conserve the bird species.
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