This study aimed to detail the temporal and morphological parameters of the immature stages of Spodoptera albula (Walker 1857) under controlled conditions (25 ± 1°C, 70 ± 10% RH and 14 hour photophase) and to gather information about their larval host plants. For this purpose, a new rearing method and artificial diet was employed and validated. The viability of the egg, larval, pupal and pre-pupal stages was 94.54, 97.33, 93.84 and 92.34%, respectively. The average duration of the egg, larval, pupal and pre-pupal stages was 4.14, 16.37, 1.69, and 9.34 days, respectively. During the larval stage, 80.85% of females and 93.99% of males passed through six and remaining through seven instars, with significant larval protandry. The larvae that developed through six and seven instars exhibited a mean growth rate of 1.58 and 1.48, respectively. Fifty five host plant species belonging to 29 families are listed. The female pupae were significantly larger, exhibiting protogyny. Both the rearing methods as well as the larval diet proved adequate, providing more detailled observations of the biological cycle, especially the larval stage, and resulting in an overall survival of almost 80%.

Objective: to characterize a delivery assisted by an obstetric nurse regarding non-pharmacological methods of pain relief in the parturition process. Method: this is a quantitative, transversal, descriptive, retrospective study with 232 records of parturients with vaginal delivery assisted by an obstetric nurse. Data collection was carried out in patients' records and data analyzed using the SPSS Program version 21.0, presented in figures and tables. Results: there were 98.3% of patients using some non-pharmacological method of pain relief, such as: ambulation (79.2%), bath (73.1%), massage (60.0%), position variety (58.8%), aromatherapy (46.9%), ball (42%), among others. Conclusion: new studies can be performed focusing on the efficacy of nonpharmacological management of pain in the parturition process. Descriptors: Natural Childbirth; Pain; Labor Pain; Obstetric Nursing. RESUMOObjetivo: caracterizar os partos assistidos por enfermeira obstétrica quanto aos métodos não farmacológicos de alívio da dor no processo de parturição. Método: estudo quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e retrospectivo com 232 prontuários de parturientes com parto vaginal assistido por enfermei ra obstétrica. A coleta das informações foi realizada em prontuários de pacientes, e os dados foram analisados usando o programa SPSS, versão 21.0, sendo apresentados em uma figura e quatro tabelas. Resultados: 98,3% utilizaram algum método não farmacológico de alívio da dor, a saber: deambulação (79,2%), banho (73,1%), massagem (60,0%), variedade de posição (58,8%), aromaterapia (46,9%), bola (42%), entre outros. Conclusão: novos estudos podem ser realizados com enfoque na eficácia do manejo não farmacológico da dor no processo de parturição. Descritores: Parto Normal; Dor; Dor do Parto; Enfermagem Obstétrica. RESUMENObjetivo: caracterizar a los partos asistidos por uma enfermera obstétrica sobre los métodos no farmacológicos de alivio del dolor, en el proceso de parturición. Método: estudio cuantitativo, transversal, descriptivo, retrospectivo con 232 prontuarios de parturientes con parto vaginal asistido por uma enfermera obstétrica. La recolección de las informaciones fue realizada en prontuarios de pacientes y los datos analizados usando el Programa SPSS versión 21.0, presentados en figura y tablas. Resultados: 98,3% utilizaron algún método no farmacológico de alivio del dolor, entre ellos: deambulación (79,2%), baño (73,1%), masaje (60,0%), variedad de posición (58,8%), aromaterapia (46,9%), bola (42%), entre otros. Conclusión: nuevos estudios pueden ser realizados con enfoque en la eficacia del manejo no farmacológico del dolor, en el proceso de parturición. Descriptors: Parto Normal; Dolor; Dolor de Parto; Enfermería Obstétrica.

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We provide detailed temporal and morphological parameters of the immature stages of Spodoptera dolichos (Fabricius) larvae fed on artificial diet under controlled conditions (25 ± 1 °C, 70 ± 10% RH, and 14 h photophase). The viability of the egg, larval, pupal, and prepupal stages was 97.5%, 97.0%, 93.1%, and 98.9%, respectively. The average duration of the egg, larval, prepupal, and pupal stages was 5.0, 23.4, 3.2, and 21.5 days, respectively. Females took longer at the larval stage than males, with 10.5% of them having seven instars. The growth rate of female larvae that developed through six and seven instars was 1.72 and 1.54, respectively. Female pupae were significantly larger, exhibiting slower development than males.

This study aimed to evaluate the biotic potential, life table parameters and fertility of Spodoptera albula (Walker, 1857) under controlled conditions (25 ± 1°C, 70 ± 10% RH and 14 hour photo phase). The longevity, pre, post and oviposition periods, fecundity and fertility of 13 couples were evaluated. The longevity of females (13.500 days) was significantly higher than those of males (11.154 days). The mean durations of the pre, post and oviposition periods were 2.615, 1.769 and 9.385 days, respectively. The mean fecundity was 1.417.69 eggs and mean fertility was 1.340.401 larvae, per female. On average, females copulated 1, 231 times. A strong positive correlation was observed between the number of copulations and fecundity (r = 0.847, p <0.001), as well as a strong negative correlation between the number of copulations and the duration of the pre-oviposition period (r = -0.762, p = 0.002), and longevity (r = -0.788, p = 0.001). The biotic potential of S. albula was estimated at 8.768 x 10 22 individuals / female / year. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was 353,904 times per generation and the mean generation time (T) was 37.187 days. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 1,105, with a finite rate of increase (λ) of 3,019.

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The goal of the present study was to investigate biological aspects of Periga circumstans Walker, 1855 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Hemileucinae) whose larvae were fed on leaves of khaki-plant (Diospyros khaki Linnaeus -Ebenaceae) and Mate-plant (Ilex paraguariensis Saint Hilaire -Aquifoliaceae) leaves. The biological parameters were obtained from specimens kept under controlled conditions: temperature of 25 ± 1 °C, relative humidity of 70 ± 10%, and photoperiod of 12 hours. For each developmental stage, morphological and ethological parameters are described. The larvae passed through six instars with a growth average rate of 1.4 for each instar. The host plants influenced significantly only the total duration of the larval phase, which was prolonged for larvae fed on khaki-plant leaves. Several aspects related to the morphology and the ethology of P. circumstans are similar to those described for Lonomia obliqua Walker, 1855.Keywords: erucism, life cycle, morphology, medical importance. Palavras-chave: erucismo, ciclo de vida, morfologia, importância médica. Aspectos biológicos de