A B S T R A C TThis research aimed to determine the various diseases caused by fungi, to identify the fungi causing the disease, and to determine the most dominant disease in red chili crops (Capsicum annum L.) from smallholder agriculture located in Kaligiri Sirampog Brebes. The research was a survey applying purposive random sampling technique. This study collected samples from five locations, within five plots placed diagonally at each site. This study picked ten infected plants from each plot, identified the disease; isolated and identified the fungi causing the disease. This research also measured the environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and soil pH. The results showed diseases in red chili plants (Capsicum annum L.) were the leaf spot caused by Cercospora sp., the anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum sp., and the fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium sp., and the most dominant were leaf spot disease.KEY WORDS: Red chili (Capsicum annum L.), leaf spot, anthracnose, fusarium wiltCorresponding Author: NITA WAHYU SUWARDANI |
Green mustard (Brassica juncea) is an annual or horticultural plant of the Brassica genus. The purpose of this research is to knowledge the type of fungi that cause leaf spot disease on green mustard plants and to know the large percentage of leaf spot diseases caused by fungus on mustard greens in Serang Village, Karangreja District, Purbalingga. This research is used survey method by taking purposive random sampling at two different locations. The type of fungus that causes leaf spot disease on (B. juncea) mustard green can be identified by isolating the part of plants are sick then identified. Identification of fungi is doing by two stages of observation, that is observation macromorphological characters and micromorphological characters. Observation of macromorphological characters includes colony color, colony shape, the edge of colony shape and colony reverse color. Observation of the micromorphology character includes the presence of hyphae, hyphae (insulated or non-insulated), conidia shape, conidia color, additional devices and conidiophores. The next stage to find out the type of fungus that causes leaf spot disease is Koch's Postulate.The results obtained there is one type of disease in green mustard plants. Leaf spot is one of the diseases of mustard greens caused by the fungus Alternaria sp, with a frequency of leaf spot disease as many as 196 times, and the percentage of disease of 51,30%.
Various vegetables are widely cultivated in Serang Village, District of Karangreja, Purbalingga Regency. This village is located at 1350 above sea level. Vegetable productions in Serang are often constrained by the presence of diseases caused by pathogenic fungi Colletotrichum sp. called anthracnose. However, there was no data regarding anthracnose attack in vegetable crops in Serang. This study aimed to find out the types of vegetable that were attacked by anthracnose disease as well as the intensity of the attack in a vegetable crops in Serang Village, Karangreja District, Purbalingga Regency. Vegetables with anthracnose were purposively selected from 10 different locations. The anthracnose disease was identified based on their symptoms and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that five different vegetable crops suffer from anthracnose, and the intensity of anthracnose ranges from 32% up to 52%. Those intensity percentages indicate that large part of vegetable crops in Serang Village was attacked by anthracnose and possibly cause a significant decrease in vegetable production in that village. Our results provide the first scientific data about anthracnose attack in Serang Village. The data is essential for the management of vegetable crops in Serang Village.
This study aims to determine the effect of white rot fungus (JPP) on lignin and cellulose levels in the biopulping process of old eucalyptus leaves and new eucalyptus leaf waste and to find out the best JPP for the biopulping process of eucalyptus leaf waste. The research used experimental methods with completely randomized design (CRD). The treatment was inoculating JPP (Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Ganoderma lucidum, and Pleurotus tuberregium), each treatment was repeated 3 times. The research variables consisted of independent variables in the form of different types of JPP and age of waste, the dependent variable was the ability of JPP biodelignification on eucalyptus leaf waste. The main parameters observed were lignin levels and cellulose levels before and after the incubation period of eucalyptus leaves. The supporting parameters observed were the weight of waste before and after incubation, pH, and media weight. The results showed that there was a decrease in lignin and cellulose levels in all treatments. The result of the largest average reduction in lignin levels was the treatment of the fungus P. tuberregium on old eucalyptus leaves by 0.014%. The highest level of final cellulose in the largest fungal treatment was G. lucidum to old eucalyptus leaf waste which experienced the largest decrease in cellulose of 3.22%.
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a leaf vegetable plant from the Compositae (Asteraceae) family that has high economic value. Lettuce contains many minerals and vitamins that are beneficial for health. Lettuce plants have wavy leaves, jagged, fresh green and some are red. There are several challenges in the cultivation of lettuce among them are pest and disease disorders such as snails, nematodes, leaf rot, and root rot. This study aims to determine the type of pathogenic fungi that cause disease and the percentage of disease in Lettuce in Serang Village, Karangreja District, Purbalingga Regency. This study uses a survey method with sampling conducted by purposive random sampling in two different locations. The identification process is done by macroscopic and microscopic observations. The observations were determined by the identification book and continued with the Koch Postulate test. The results of research at the Vegetable Plant Center in Serang Village, Karangreja Subdistrict, Purbalingga Regency, obtained the type of lettuce disease is a leaf rot disease (bottom rot) and leaf spot. Leaf rot is caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia sp. and leaf spot disease caused by the fungus Nigrospora sp. The most common disease in lettuce is leaf rot by Rhizoctonia sp. with a frequency of occurrence as much as 206 times and the percentage of disease by 52.82%.
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