The current need for energy is many tools that use electrical energy as a source of energy from these tools, followed by the need for electrical energy in Indonesia, increasing every year. Currently, Indonesia is targeting to increase the role of new and renewable energy to maintain energy security and independence with a target of at least 23% in 2025 and 31% in 2050. The utilisation of wind energy converted into electrical energy by converting energy mechanical energy from the wind into kinetic energy in turbine blades to turn a generator that can produce electricity. This paper discusses the design of a wind power plant with a u-type Savonius turbine for a capacity of 100 W using the Pahl & Beitz method. The Savonius wind turbine designed has 3668 mm × 920 mm with galvanised steel plate material and shaft dimensions of 4310 mm × 20 mm using carbon steel material S-45 C. The average wind speed is around 4 m/s with a humidity of 30°C; if the turbine is arranged on the rotor with a suitable mechanism, it can produce a turbine rotational speed of 199.9889 rpm, a Savonius type U wind power plant designed for a capacity of 100 Watt.
Biji kakao merupakan salah satu bahan dasar untuk membuat coklat. Sebelum diolah, biji kakao harus mengalami proses fermentasi dan pengeringan terlebih dahulu. Kendala yang dihadapi oleh petani biji kakao di Indonesia adalah harga mesin pengering biji kakao yang mahal dan perawatan yang tidak mudah. Untuk itu, perlu adanya alat pengering biji kakao yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan petani di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam desain alat pengering biji kakao adalah Quality Function Deployment (QFD). Tahap pertama yang dilakukan adalah melakukan interview kepada petani dan pemilik perkebunan biji kakao, kemudian mengumpulkan data sebagai dasar membuat beberapa varian desain alat pengering biji kakao. Mesin pengering biji kakao paling sesuai ditentukan dengan membuat rating pada setiap variasi mesin. Setelah didapatkan dilakukan perhitungan untuk mendapatkan hasil yang akurat. Dari hasil perhitungan didapatkan mesin pengering biji kakao dengan panjang x lebar x tinggi sebesar 1100 mm x 750 mm x 1350 mm. Poros bahan S45 C-D, pasak S 55 C, V-belt tipe A dan diameter puli 95 mm.
<p>Abstrak<br />Kegagalan fungsi girder pada lintasan tripper yang sering terjadi disebabkan oleh keretakan pada penopang silang dan tegak, terjadinya defleksi berlebih pada batang utama, dan perubahan posisi pada kedua kolom. Kerusakan strukur diakibatkan oleh ketidaksesuaian pembebanan yang diterima, sehingga memperlemah komponennya dan dapat berakibat runtuhnya struktur girder. Studi dilakukan dengan mengkaji desain yang sudah ada melalui pendefenisian pembebanan, selanjutnya melakukan perhitungan mekanika pada tiga model pembebanan yang berbeda dan pengecekan kelayakan desain dengan metode LRFD berdasarkan SNI 03-1729-2002 dengan validasi menggunakan analisis elemen hingga. Hasil menunjukkan terjadinya ketidaksesuaian pembebanan yang berakibat kerusakan girder, sehingga diperlukan desain alternatif melalui pemilihan profil, perhitungan kelayakan profil dan analisis ulang untuk memastikan kehandalan rancangan. Dari hasil analisis perhitungan dapat disimpulkan bahwa desain alternatif mempunyai kehandalan yang memadai yaitu defleksinya 0,35 mm dibanding desain lama 15,96 mm berdasarkan perhitungan mekanik, sedangkan hasil analisis elemen hingga, defleksi desain baru 1,08 mm dan desain lama 10,37 mm. Tegangan maksimum desain baru adalah aman terhadap material yang digunakan, yaitu SS400 dengan kekuatan sebesar 245 MPa, dimana hasil perhitungan mekanika diperoleh tegangan maksimum desain baru 52,00 MPa, sedangkan tegangan maksimum hasil analisis elemen hingga adalah 56,31 MPa dan tegangan Von Mises 143,39 MPa.<br />Kata kunci : girder, tripper, LFRD, elemen hingga, Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI).</p><p><br />Abstract<br />Malfunction of girder on track tripper that often occurred is caused by cracks in the cross and upright supports, occurrence of excessive deflection on main bar, and a change in position of the both columns. Structural failure is caused by loading discrepancies received, so it is weaken its components and resulted in the collapse of the girder structure. The study was conducted by reviewing existing design through loading analysis, then performing the mechanical calculation on three different loading models and checking the feasibility of the design with LRFD method based on SNI 03-1729-2002 with validation using finite element analysis. Results showed the loading discrepancies resulting in damaged girder, so it is necessary to make design alternatives through the selection of profiles, re-calculation and feasibility analysis of the beam to ensure the reliability of the design. From the calculation analysis, it can be concluded that the alternative design has adequate reliability. Based on mechanical calculations the deflection is 0.35 mm compared to 15.96 mm of the old design, while the result of finite element analysis determine 1.08 mm deflection of the new design and 10.37 mm in old design. The maximum stress of the new design is safe for the material used, ie SS400 with a strength of 245 MPa, wherein mechanical calculation resulted in obtained maximum stress of the new design is 52.00 MPa, while the maximum stress through finite element analysis result is 56.31 MPa and Von Mises stress is 143.39 Mpa.<br />Keywords: girder, tripper, LFRD, finite element, National Indonesian Standard (SNI).</p>
This research has several problem formulations, namely how the design stages and what are the main parameters of the burner design for pyrolysis reactors with Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) and gas fuel. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to produce a burner design for a pyrolysis reactor with Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) and gas fuel. Burner is a tool that is used to react properly between the fuel and the oxidizing agent, so that the combustion process can occur. The use of a burner can also save fuel used during the combustion process. In this study, the design method used is the Pahl & Beitz method. There are 3 design variants where variant 1 gets a weighting result (2.9), variant 2 (3.7), and variant 3 (3.06). Based on the results of the weighting of the three variants, variant 3 becomes the chosen design which will then be carried out with detailed design and design analysis. From the analysis of the strength of the frame, the safety factor value is while the calorific value needed to burn Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) plastic in the pyrolysis reactor is 9.3138 kJ/s.
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