No abstract

ÖZTifo dışı Salmonella enterica serotipleri ile kontamine gıdaların tüketiminin neden olduğu salmonellozlar, gıda kökenli hastalıkların başında gelmekte ve bu durum mikrobiyal gıda güvenliğini, önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunu haline getirmektedir. Bu çalışma, Edirne ilindeki gıda kaynaklı Salmonella enterica suşlarının antibiyotik dirençlerinin, serotiplerinin, plazmid profi llerinin ve Caenorhabditis elegans hayvan modeli sisteminde patojenite potansiyellerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, tavuk karkaslarından izole edilmiş ve 26'sı (%81.25) Infantis, dördü (%12.5) Enteritidis, birer tanesi de (%3.1) Telaviv ve Kentucky serotiplerine dahil olan 32 Salmonella izolatı kullanılmıştır. İzolatların antibiyotik direnç profi lleri, disk difüzyon ve buyyon mikrodilüsyon yöntemleriyle belirlenmiştir. İzolatların patojenite potansiyellerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yeni bir C.elegans nematod model sistemi kullanılmıştır. Antibiyotik direnç profi llerine göre 32 suştan birinin (%3) gentamisine, ikisinin (%6.2) siprofl oksasine, üçünün (%9.4) ampisiline, 18'inin (%56.3) kanamisine, 19'unun (%60.8) neomisine, 25'inin (%78.1) tetrasikline, 25'inin (%78.1) trimetoprime, 26'sının (%81.2) nalidiksik aside, 27'sinin (%84.4) streptomisine ve tümünün (%100) sülfonamid bileşiklerine dirençli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışılan 32 suşun hepsi Geliş Tarihi

Background: The adhesion process of Borrelia burgdorferi to susceptible host cell has not yet been completely understood regarding the function of OspA, OspB and OspC proteins and a conflict exists in the infection process.Aims: The adhesion rates of pathogenic (low BSK medium passaged or susceptible rat joint tissue co-cultivated ) or non-pathogenic Borrelia burgdorferi (high BSK medium passaged) isolate (FNJ) to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) cultured on coverslips and the synthesis of OspA and OspC proteins were investigated to analyze the infection process of this bacterium.Study Design: In-vitro study.Methods: Spirochetes were cultured in BSK medium or in a LEW/N rat tibiotarsal joint tissue feeder layer supported co-culture system using ESG coculture medium and labelled with 3H-adenine for 48 hours. SDS-PAGE, Western Blotting, Immunogold A labeling as well as radiolabeling experiments were used to compare pathogenic or non pathogenic spirochetes during the adhesion process.Results: Tissue co-cultured B. burgdorferi adhered about ten times faster than BSK-grown spirochetes. Trypsin inhibited attachment to HUVEC and coculture of trypsinized spirochetes with tissues reversed the inhibition. Also, the synthesis of OspC protein by spirochetes was increased in abundance after tissue co-cultures, as determined by SDS-PAGE and by electron microscopy analysis of protein A-immunogold staining by anti-OspC antibodies. OspA protein was synthesized in similar quantities in all Borrelia cultures analyzed by the same techniques.Conclusion: Low BSK passaged or tissue co-cultured pathogenic Lyme disease spirochetes adhere to HUVEC faster than non-pathogenic high BSK passaged forms of this bacterium. Spirochetes synthesized OspC protein during host tissue-associated growth. However, we did not observe a reduction of OspA synthesis during host tissue co-cultivation in vitro.

The hard tick-borne relapsing fever agent, Borrelia miyamotoi infection in Ixodes ricinus ticks sampled from Istanbul and the countryside of Kirklareli in northwestern Turkey, was examined by TaqMan-PCR targeting 16S rDNA, nested PCR targeting 16S rDNA, the flagellin gene (flaB), and the 16S and 23S rDNA intergenic spacer (IGS), and sequencing analyses of these amplicons. B. miyamotoi was detected in 1 out of 248 I. ricinus ticks (infection rate 0.4%). The tick infected with B. miyamotoi was collected in Longos, Kirklareli province on the European side of Turkey near the Bulgarian border. The 16S rDNA, flaB, and IGS sequences from the infected tick showed high similarities to those of B. miyamotoi detected in I. ricinus in Europe.

This study aims to determine for the first time the presence of thermophilic Campylobacter (C. jejuni, C.coli, and C. lari) in drinking water sampled from Edirne city center, districts and rural areas (villages, towns, and private enterprises) located near the Bulgarian and Greece border regions of Western Turkey. We also aimed to determine the variations in the distribution of thermophilic Campylobacter sp. at different seasons and water sources. For this purpose, Escherichia coli, which is a definite indicator of fecal pollution, was investigated and enumerated by using the membrane filtration method according to ISO 9308-1: 2014 Standard. qPCR analyses of thermophilic Campylobacter species were performed by using two different commercial kits in E. coli detected samples. In our study, E. coli was detected in 67 out of 1644 water samples taken from 455 different stations. It was observed that all of the samples contaminated with E. coli were groundwater samples, which were not subjected to any treatment process. Only one E.coli contaminated sample had a low chlorine level of 0.03 ppm and others were free of chlorine. Thermophilic Campylobacter (C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. lari) species were detected in 32 out of 67 water samples by multiplex qPCR analysis by using Mericon Campylobacter Triple Kit. However, since this kit can only reveal the genus and can not determine the species of this bacterium, C. jejuni Standard Kit was used to detect the C. jejuni which is the most likely species to be seen. qPCR analyses by using the C. jejuni Standard Kit demonstrated that 5 of 67 water samples were positive for this bacterium. This study, which was carried out first time in Turkey, showed that thermophilic Campylobacter can be found in drinking water sources in all regions of Edirne, and disruptions in the treatment, storage, and distribution of water may cause possible thermophilic Campylobacter-related cases even possible epidemics in this Western border region.